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We explore the nature of systematic errors that can arise in measurement of black hole masses from single-epoch spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) by utilizing the many epochs available for NGC 5548 and PG1229+204 from reverberation…

Spectroscopic reverberation mapping (RM) is a direct approach widely used to estimate the mass of black holes (BHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, it is very time consuming and difficult to apply to a large AGN sample. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-30 Shu Wang , Hengxiao Guo , Jong-Hak Woo

We present the results of a reverberation-mapping program targeting NGC5273, a nearby early-type galaxy with a broad-lined active galactic nucleus. Over the course of the monitoring program, NGC5273 showed strong variability that allowed us…

Several investigations of the X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using the normalised excess variance (${\sigma^2_{\rm NXS}}$) parameter have shown that variability has a strong anti-correlation with black hole mass ($M_{\rm…

The black hole mass MBH is crucial in constraining the growth of supermassive BHs within their host galaxies. Since direct measurements of MBH with dynamical methods are restricted to a limited number of nearly quiescent nearby galaxies and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-22 M. Gliozzi , J. K. Williams , A. Akylas , I. E. Papadakis , O. I. Shuvo , A. Halavatkar , A. Alt

We investigate the connection between supermassive black holes (SMBHs), their host galaxies, and large-scale dark-matter halos using broad-line X-ray AGN from the XMM--XXL and Stripe\,82X surveys, together with galaxies from VIPERS and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-24 G. Mountrichas , F. Shankar , F. J. Carrera , A. Georgakakis

Values of black hole masses are frequently determined with the help of the reverberation method. This method requires a specific geometrical factor related to the distribution of the orbits of the Broad Line Region clouds. Onken et al.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Nikolajuk , B. Czerny , J. Ziolkowski , M. Gierlinski

One of the main challenges in using high redshift active galactic nuclei to study the correlations between the mass of the supermassive Black Hole (MBH) and the properties of their active host galaxies is instrumental resolution. Strong…

We show that high quality laser guide star (LGS) adaptive optics (AO) observations of nearby early-type galaxies are possible when the tip-tilt correction is done by guiding on nuclei while the focus compensation due to the changing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Davor Krajnovic , Michele Cappellari , Richard M. McDermid , Roger L. Davies

We show that X-ray reverberation mapping can be used to measure the distance to type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This is because X-ray photons originally emitted from the `corona' close to the black hole irradiate the accretion disc…

A sample of 10 nearby intermediate-type active galactic nuclei (AGN) drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR7) is presented. The aim of this work is to provide estimations of the black hole mass for the sample galaxies from the…

Black hole (BH) masses that have been measured by reverberation mapping in active galaxies fall significantly below the correlation between bulge luminosity and BH mass determined from spatially resolved kinematics of nearby normal…

The applicability and apparent uncertainties of the techniques currently available for measuring or estimating black-hole masses in AGNs are briefly summarized.

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Vestergaard

In this work we derive novel analytical expressions for the mass and distance of a Schwarzschild black hole (BH), as well as for the orbital radius of test particles orbiting it, it terms of astrophysical observables measured throughout the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-12 J. R. Fernández-Moreno , A. González-Juárez , A. Herrera-Aguilar

We used the widths of H$\beta$ and [OIII] emission lines to investigate the black hole--bulge relation in radio-loud AGNs, radio-quiet AGNs and NLS1s. The central black hole mass, $M_{bh}$, is estimated from the H$\beta$ line width and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. Bian , Y. Zhao

In the era of massive photometric surveys, we explore several approaches to estimate the masses of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) from optical ground-based imaging, in each case comparing to the independent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-02 Sarah Casura , Dragana Ilić , Jonathan Targaczewski , Nemanja Rakić , Jochen Liske

The empirical relationship between the broad line region size and the source luminosity in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is used to obtain black holes (BH) masses for a large number of quasars in three samples. The largests BH masses found…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hagai Netzer

The masses of the supermassive black-holes found in galaxy bulges are correlated with a multitude of galaxy properties, leading to suggestions that galaxies and black-holes may evolve together. The number of reliably measured black-hole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-31 Timothy A. Davis , Martin Bureau , Michele Cappellari , Marc Sarzi , Leo Blitz

We study the distribution of Eddington luminosity ratios, L_bol/L_edd, of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) discovered in the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES). We combine H-beta, MgII, and CIV line widths with continuum luminosities to…

Reverberation mapping is now a well-established technique for investigating spatially-unresolved structures in the nuclei of distant galaxies with actively-accreting supermassive black holes. Structural parameters for the broad…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-09-09 Misty C. Bentz