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We present a systematic study of statistical mechanics for non-Hermitian quantum systems. Our work reveals that the stability of a non-Hermitian system necessitates the existence of a single path-dependent conserved quantity, which, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-04 Kui Cao , Su-Peng Kou

Non-hermitian, $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians, experimentally realized in optical systems, accurately model the properties of open, bosonic systems with balanced, spatially separated gain and loss. We present a family of exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-17 Kaustubh S. Agarwal , Rajeev K. Pathak , Yogesh N. Joglekar

In the present paper, first the mathematical basic properties of the exceptional points are discussed. Then, their role in the description of real physical quantum systems is considered. Most interesting value is the phase rigidity of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-03 Ingrid Rotter

Eigenmode coalescence imparts remarkable properties to non-hermitian time evolution, culminating in a purely non-hermitian spectral degeneracy known as an exceptional point (EP). Here, we revisit time evolution at the EP and classify…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Aleksi Bossart , Romain Fleury

We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate, which is confined in a very tight toroidal/annular trap, in the presence of a potential, which breaks the axial symmetry of the Hamiltonian. We investigate the stationary states of the condensate,…

It is shown that the standard formulation of quantum mechanics in terms of Hermitian Hamiltonians is overly restrictive. A consistent physical theory of quantum mechanics can be built on a complex Hamiltonian that is not Hermitian but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Carl M. Bender , Dorje C. Brody , Hugh F. Jones

Recent study demonstrated that steady states of a polariton system may show a first-order dissipative phase transition with an exceptional point that appears as an endpoint of the phase boundary [R. Hanai et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Amir Rahmani , Andrzej Opala , Michał Matuszewski

We conduct a numerical study of wave localization in disordered three-dimensional non-Hermitian systems featuring exceptional points. The energy spectrum of a disordered non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, exhibiting both parity-time and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-09-30 C. Wang , X. R. Wang

The motivation for studying non-Hermitian systems and the role of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry is discussed. We investigate the use of a quantum algorithm to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, with applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 James Hancock , Matthew J. Craven , Craig McNeile , Davide Vadacchino

Exceptional points associated with non-hermitian operators, i.e. operators being non-hermitian for real parameter values, are investigated. The specific characteristics of the eigenfunctions at the exceptional point are worked out. Within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. D. Heiss

We study self-acceleration in PT and non-PT symmetric systems. We find some novel wave effects that appear uniquely in non-Hermitian systems. We show that integrable self-accelerating waves exist if the Hamiltonian is non-Hermitian. We find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-22 C. Yuce , Z. Turker

In this paper, we describe some interesting properties of a non-Hermitian Jaynes-Cummings model. For this particular model, it is known that the Hilbert space can be described by infinitely-many two-dimensional invariant (closed) subspaces,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Gargi Das , Aritra Ghosh , Bhabani Prasad Mandal

Non-hermitian systems have gained a lot of interest in recent years. However, notions of chaos and localization in such systems have not reached the same level of maturity as in the Hermitian systems. Here, we consider non-hermitian…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-10-19 Soumi Ghosh , Sparsh Gupta , Manas Kulkarni

Over the past two decades, open systems that are described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian have become a subject of intense research. These systems encompass classical wave systems with balanced gain and loss, semiclassical models with mode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-27 Frantisek Ruzicka , Kaustubh S. Agarwal , Yogesh N. Joglekar

We propose random non-Hermitian Hamiltonians to model the generic stochastic nonlinear dynamics of a quantum state in Hilbert space. Our approach features an underlying linearity in the dynamical equations, ensuring the applicability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Pei Wang

The requirement of Hermiticity of a Quantum Mechanical Hamiltonian, for the description of physical processes with real eigenvalues which has been challenged notably by Carl Bender, is examined for the case of a Fock space Hamilitonian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 David B. Fairlie , Jean Nuyts

We investigate bipartite particle number fluctuations near the rank-$2$ exceptional points (EPs) of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Su-Schrieffer-Heeger models. Beyond a conformal field theory of massless fermions, fluctuations or equivalently…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Wei Pan , Xiaoqun Wang , Haiqing Lin , Shijie Hu

In non-Hermitian scattering problems the behavior of the transmission probability is very different from its Hermitian counterpart; it can exceed unity or even be divergent, since the non-Hermiticity can add or remove the probability to and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-11 Ken Shobe , Keiichi Kuramoto , Ken-Ichiro Imura , Naomichi Hatano

A family of non-Hermitian but ${\cal PT}-$symmetric $2J$ by $2J$ toy-model tridiagonal-matrix Hamiltonians $H^{(2J)}=H^{(2J)}(t)$ with $J=K+M=1,2,\ldots$ and $t<J^2$ is studied, for which a real but non-Hermitian $2K$ by $2K$…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Miloslav Znojil

We study the nature of an environment-induced exceptional point in a non-Hermitian pair of coupled mechanical oscillators. The mechanical oscillators are a pair of pillars carved out of a single isotropic elastodynamic medium made of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-02-05 V. Dominguez-Rocha , Ramathasan Thevamaran , F. M. Ellis , T. Kottos