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While cracking is a complex dynamics that involves material intrinsic properties like grain shape and size distribution, elastic properties of grain and cementing materials, and extrinsic properties of loading, in this work, the focus has…
We use a smooth particle hydrodynamics method (SPH) to simulate colliding rocky and icy bodies from cm-scale to hundreds of km in diameter, in an effort to define self-consistently the threshold for catastrophic disruption. Unlike previous…
We study a model of ``organized'' criticality, where a single avalanche propagates through an \textit{a priori} static (i.e., organized) sandpile configuration. The latter is chosen according to an i.i.d. distribution from a Borel…
Scaling analysis reveals striking regularities in earthquake occurrence. The time between any one earthquake and that following it is random, but it is described by the same universal-probability distribution for any spatial region and…
We consider the growth of a vicinal crystal surface in the presence of a step-edge barrier. For any value of the barrier strength, measured by the length l_es, nucleation of islands on terraces is always able to destroy asymptotically…
We study the statistical features of magnetic noise accompanying the dynamic fracture of steel samples during mixed type fracture, where the overall ductile character of crack propagation is interrupted by a sudden brittle jump. The…
Statistical properties of the one-dimensional spring-block (Burridge-Knopoff) model of earthquakes obeying the rate and state dependent friction law are studied by extensive computer simulations. The quantities computed include the…
In this talk I introduce the critical behavior occurring at the extremal limit of black holes. The extremal limit of black holes is a critical point and a phase transition takes place from the extremal black holes to their nonextremal…
We introduce and study numerically a directed two-dimensional sandpile automaton with probabilistic toppling (probability parameter p) which provides a good laboratory to study both self-organized criticality and the far-from-equilibrium…
I present empirical evidence that turbulent flows are closely analogous to critical phenomena, from a reanalysis of friction factor measurements in rough pipes. The data collapse found here corresponds to Widom scaling near critical points,…
The failure of materials and interfaces is mediated by cracks, nearly singular dissipative structures that propagate at velocities approaching the speed of sound. Crack initiation and subsequent propagation -- the dynamic process of…
We review here briefly the nature of precursors of global failures in three different kinds of many-body dynamical systems. First, we consider the lattice models of self-organised criticality in sandpiles and investigate numerically the…
Several mechanisms have been identified that create dense particle clumps in the solar nebula. The present work is concerned with the gravitational collapse of such clumps, idealized as being spherically symmetric. Calculations using the…
Acoustic emission or crackling noise is measured from an experiment on splitting or peeling of paper. The energy of the events follows a power-law, with an exponent $\beta \sim 1.8\pm 0.2$. The event intervals have a wide range, but…
Numerous systems ranging from deformation of materials to earthquakes exhibit bursty dynamics, which consist of a sequence of events with a broad event size distribution. Very often these events are observed to be temporally correlated or…
Numerical simulation studies in 2D with the addition of noise are reported for the convection of a supercritical fluid,3He, in a Rayleigh-Be'nard cell where the fluid parameters and cell height L are the same as in published laboratory…
The presence of universality of avalanches characterizing the inelastic response of disordered materials has the potential to bridge the gap from micro- to macroscale. In this study, we explore the statistics and the scaling behavior of…
We use a discrete-time formulation to study the asymmetric avalanche process [Phys. Rev. Lett. vol. 87, 084301 (2001)] on a finite ring and obtain an exact expression for the average avalanche size of particles as a function of toppling…
The size or energy of diverse structures or phenomena in geoscience appears to follow power-law distributions. A rigorous statistical analysis of such observations is tricky, though. Observables can span several orders of magnitude, but the…
Earthquakes are produced by the propagation of rapid slip along tectonic faults. The propagation dynamics is governed by a balance between elastic stored energy in the surrounding rock, and dissipated energy at the propagating tip of the…