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Related papers: Ghosts in the self-accelerating universe

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A vacuum instability due to a massless ghost in a hidden sector can lead to an effective equation of state for dark energy that changes smoothly from $w=-3/2$ at large redshifts, to $w\approx-1.2$ today, to $w=-1$ in the future. We discuss…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 B. Holdom

In this work we develop a theoretical framework for Gauss-Bonnet modified gravity theories, in which ghost modes can be eliminated at the equations of motion level. Particularly, after we present how the ghosts can occur at the level of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-06 S. Nojiri , S. D. Odintsov , V. K. Oikonomou

The late-time cosmic acceleration may be due to infra-red modifications of General Relativity. In particular, we consider a maximal extension of the Hilbert-Einstein action and analyze several interesting features of the theory. Generally,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-30 Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

In order to explain the Late-times accelerated expansion of the Universe we must appeal to some form of Dark Energy. In the standard model of cosmology, the latter is interpreted as a Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$. However, for a number…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-18 Leonardo Giani

We review some modified gravity models which describe the gravitational dark energy and the possibility of cosmic speed-up. The new consistent version of such theory which contains inverse and HD curvature terms as well as new type of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov

The new ekpyrotic scenario attempts to solve the singularity problem by involving violation of the null energy condition in a model which combines the ekpyrotic/cyclic scenario with the ghost condensate theory and the curvaton mechanism of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-29 Renata Kallosh , Jin U Kang , Andrei Linde , Viatcheslav Mukhanov

We study the cosmology of a galileon scalar-tensor theory, obtained by covariantizing the decoupling lagrangian of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Poratti (DGP) model. Despite being local in 3+1 dimensions, the resulting cosmological evolution is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-08-13 Nathan Chow , Justin Khoury

Recent astronomical observations of distant supernovae light-curves suggest that the expansion of the universe has recently begun to accelerate. Acceleration is created by an anti-gravitational repulsive stress, like that produced by a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 John Barrow , Rachel Bean , Joao Magueijo

Motivated by recent developments in Cosmology we would like to consider an extension of the Ghost DE which we will call as varying Ghost DE. Ghost DE like other models was introduced recently as a possible way to explain accelerated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-28 Martiros Khurshudyan , Amalya Khurshudyan

We consider late-time cosmology in a (phantom) scalar-tensor theory with an exponential potential, as a dark energy model with equation of state parameter close to -1 (a bit above or below this value). Scalar (and also other kinds of)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 Emilio Elizalde , Shin'ichi Nojiri , Sergei D. Odintsov

It has been suggested that the dark energy that explains the observed accelerating expansion of the universe may arise due to the contribution to the vacuum energy of the QCD ghost in a time-dependent background. The argument uses a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-01-27 Nobuyoshi Ohta

I briefly discuss the challenges presented by attempting to modify general relativity to obtain an explanation for the observed accelerated expansion of the universe. Foremost among these are the questions of theoretical consistency - the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Mark Trodden

In this work, we reconstruct the $f(R)$ modified gravity for different ghost and generalized ghost dark energy models in FRW flat universe, which describe the accelerated expansion of the universe. The equation of state of reconstructed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-06-06 A. Khodam-Mohammadi , M. Malekjani , M. Monshizadeh

We construct explicit examples of globally regular static, spherically symmetric solutions in general relativity with scalar and electromagnetic fields, describing traversable wormholes with flat and AdS asymptotics and regular black holes,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-30 S. V. Bolokhov , K. A. Bronnikov , P. A. Korolyov , M. V. Skvortsova

The braneworld model of Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) provides an interesting alternative to a positive cosmological constant by modifying gravity at large distances. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of homogeneous and anisotropic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-05 Tsutomu Kobayashi

The novel idea is that the undergoing accelerated expansion of the universe happens due to infrared quantum gravity modifications at intermediate astrophysical scales of galaxies or galaxy clusters, within the framework of Asymptotically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-16 Fotios K. Anagnostopoulos , Georgios Kofinas , Vasilios Zarikas

Close to a saddle-node bifurcation, when two invariant solutions collide and disappear, the behavior of a dynamical system can closely resemble that of a solution which is no longer present at the chosen parameter value. For bifurcating…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Zheng Zheng , Pierre Beck , Tian Yang , Omid Ashtari , Jeremy P Parker , Tobias M Schneider

We present a novel mechanism for the present acceleration of the universe. We find that the temperature of the Unruh radiation perceived by the brane is not equal to the inherent temperature (Hawking temperature at the apparent horizon) of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-05 Hongsheng Zhang , Hyerim Noh , Zong-Hong Zhu , Hongwei Yu

The standard Friedmann universe embedded in a five dimensional and constant curvature bulk is examined without any a priori junction condition between the brane and the bulk. A geometrical explanation for the accelerated expansion of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. D. Maia , Edmundo M. Monte , J. M. F. Maia

The evidence of the acceleration of universe at present time has lead to investigate modified theories of gravity and alternative theories of gravity, which are able to explain acceleration from a theoretical viewpoint without the need of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-05-05 Gianluca Allemandi , Andrzej Borowiec , Mauro Francaviglia