Related papers: Gauge invariance and time symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is responsible for the rich phenomena in equilibrium physics. Driving a system out-of-equilibrium can significantly enrich the possibility of spontaneous symmetry breaking, which occurs not only in space, but…
Symmetry is one of the most general and useful concepts in physics. A theory or a system that has a symmetry is fundamentally constrained by it. The same constraints do not apply when the symmetry is broken. The quantitative determination…
The study considers advantages of the introduced measure of time based on the entropy change under irreversible processes (entropy production). Using the example of non-equilibrium expansion of an ideal gas in vacuum, such a measure is…
We discuss a general method of revealing both space-space and space-time noncommuting structures in various models in particle mechanics exhibiting reparametrisation symmetry. Starting from the commuting algebra in the conventional gauge,…
The relation between quantum measurement and thermodynamically irreversible processes is investigated. The reduction of the state vector is fundamentally asymmetric in time and shows an observer-relatedness which may explain the double…
We define what it means for time translation symmetry to be spontaneously broken in a quantum system, and show with analytical arguments and numerical simulations that this occurs in a large class of many-body-localized driven systems with…
A time-reversal symmetry relation is established for out-of-equilibrium dilute or rarefied gases described by the fluctuating Boltzmann equation. The relation is obtained from the associated coarse-grained master equation ruling the random…
In this paper we apply the symmetry principle in order to search for an alternative unified explanation of several cosmological puzzles such as the present stage of accelerated expansion of the Universe and the Hubble tension issue, among…
When the cosmological constant of spacetime is derived from the 5D induced-matter theory of gravity, we show that a simple gauge transformation changes it to a variable measure of the vacuum which is infinite at the big bang and decays to…
The experimental proofs of strong time invariance violation in optics are discussed. Time noninvariance is the only real physical base for explanation the origin of the most phenomena in nonlinear optics. The experimental study of forward…
We exploit the reparametrization symmetry of a relativistic free particle to impose a gauge condition which upon quantization implies space-time noncommutativity. We show that there is an algebraic map from this gauge back to the standard…
We analyse symmetry breaking in general gauge theories paying particular attention to the underlying geometry of the theory. In this context we find two natural metrics upon the vacuum manifold: a Euclidean metric associated with the scalar…
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the gauge symmetry of classical field theories in integral formalism. A gauge invariant theory is defined in terms of the invariance of the physical observables under the coordinate…
We discuss the phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking by means of a class of non-perturbative renormalization group flow equations which employ a regulating smearing function in the proper-time integration. We show, both analytically…
It has been shown that the combination of a broken spatial symmetry in the potential (or ratchet potential) and time correlations in the driving are crucial, and enough to allow transformation of the fluctuations into work. The required…
We provide vector-like gauge theories which break supersymmetry dynamically.
Generic partial supersymmetry breaking of $N=2$ supergravity with zero vacuum energy and with surviving unbroken arbitrary gauge groups is exhibited. Specific examples are given.
We propose a new point of view to gauge theories based on taking the action of symmetry transformations directly on the coordinates of space. Via this approach the gauge fields are not introduced at the first step, and they can be…
We consider the ambiguity associated with the choice of clock in time reparameterization invariant theories. This arbitrariness undermines the goal of prescribing a fixed set of physical laws, since a change of time variable can completely…
The Lorentz covariance of a non-linear, time-dependent relativistic wave equation is demonstrated; the equation has recently been shown to have highly interesting and significant empirical consequences. It is established here that an…