Related papers: Gauge invariance and time symmetry breaking
We provide a gauge-invariant theory of gravitation in the context of Weyl Integrable Space-Times. After making a brief review of the theory's postulates, we carefully define the observers' proper-time and point out its relation with…
Difficulties around the idea of spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry in a closed quantum mechanical system are identified, and then overcome in a simple model. The possibility of ordering in imaginary time is also discussed.
We give an introductory account of the recently identified gauge invariance of the equilibrium statistical mechanics of classical many-body systems [J. M\"uller et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 217101 (2024)]. The gauge…
A dynamical system is said to be reversible if, given an output, the input can always be recovered in a well-posed manner. Nevertheless, we argue that reversible systems that have a time-reversal symmetry, such as the Nonlinear…
Assuming the existence of a preferred aether frame and the anisotropy of the one-way speed of light in platforms different from the aether frame, we derive the space and time transformations relative to bodies moving in any direction of…
This Letter probes the existence of physical laws invariant only in average when subjected to some transformation. The concept of a symmetry transformation is broadened to include corruption by random noise and average symmetry is…
We construct effective field theories in which gravity is modified via spontaneous breaking of local Lorentz invariance. This is a gravitational analogue of the Higgs mechanism. These theories possess additional graviton modes and modified…
When the electroweak action is rewritten in terms of SU(2) gauge invariant variables, the Higgs can be interpreted as a conformal metric factor. We show that asymptotic flatness of the metric is required to avoid a Gribov problem: without…
Time crystals are a phase of matter, for which the discrete time symmetry of the driving Hamiltonian is spontaneously broken. The breaking of discrete time symmetry has been observed in several experiments in driven spin systems. Here, we…
There exist instances of dynamical systems possessing symmetry transformations of which the conserved Noether charges generating these symmetries feature an explicit time dependence in their functional representation over phase space. The…
We study the role of time-reversal symmetry on the dynamical response of nonlinear optical systems that behave as unidirectional ("one-way") devices. It is shown that lossless nonlinear materials, despite being nonreciprocal, are typically…
An outline of a proof of the decomposition of linear metric perturbations into gauge-invariant and gauge-variant parts on an arbitrary background spacetime which admits ADM decomposition is briefly discussed. We explicitly construct the…
Quantum effects arising from manifestly broken time-reversal symmetry are investigated using time-dependent perturbation theory in a simple model. The forward time and the backward time Hamiltonians are taken to be different and hence the…
It is argued that a fundamental time asymmetry could arise from the global structure of the space manifold. The proposed mechanism relies on the CPT anomaly of certain chiral gauge theories defined over a multiply connected space manifold.…
We consider the role that gauge symmetry breaking terms play on the continuum limit of gauge theories in three dimensions. As a paradigmatic example we consider scalar electrodynamics in which $N_f$ complex scalar fields interact with a…
Fundamental laws of physics are symmetric under time reversal ($T$) symmetry, but the $T$ symmetry is strongly broken in the macroscopic world. In this Perspective, I review $T$ symmetry breaking frameworks: \textit{second law of…
We study gauge theories with/without an extra dimension at finite temperature, in which there are two kinds of order parameters of gauge symmetry breaking. The one is the zero mode of the gauge field for the Euclidean time direction and the…
The evident contrast between the time symmetry of fundamental microscopic laws and the time asymmetry of macroscopic processes is a challenging physical problem. The observation of unitary evolution of a general physical system by an…
The time reversal and irreversibility in conventional quantum mechanics are compared with those of the rigged Hilbert space quantum mechanics. We discuss the time evolution of Gamow and Gamow-Jordan vectors and show that the rigged Hilbert…
A consistent implementation of quantum gravity is expected to change the familiar notions of space, time and the propagation of matter in drastic ways. This will have consequences on very small scales, but also gives rise to correction…