Related papers: Step-up simultaneous tests for identifying active …

Reliability-oriented sensitivity analysis aims at combining both reliability and sensitivity analyses by quantifying the influence of each input variable of a numerical model on a quantity of interest related to its failure. In particular,…

We consider the problem of detection of sparse anomalies when monitoring a large number of data streams continuously in time. This problem is addressed using anytime-valid tests. In the context of a normal-means model and for a fixed…

Tens of thousands of simultaneous hypothesis tests are routinely performed in genomic studies to identify differentially expressed genes. However, due to unmeasured confounders, many standard statistical approaches may be substantially…

This paper studies a potential outcome model with a continuous or discrete outcome, a discrete multi-valued treatment, and a discrete multi-valued instrument. We derive sharp, closed-form testable implications for a class of restrictions on…

Two active hypothesis testing problems are formulated. In these problems, the agent can perform a fixed number of experiments and then decide on one of the hypotheses. The agent is also allowed to declare its experiments inconclusive if…

Out of the participants in a randomized experiment with anticipated heterogeneous treatment effects, is it possible to identify which subjects have a positive treatment effect? While subgroup analysis has received attention, claims about…

The aim of clinical effectiveness research using repositories of electronic health records is to identify what health interventions 'work best' in real-world settings. Since there are several reasons why the net benefit of intervention may…

Testing the homogeneity between two samples of functional data is an important task. While this is feasible for intensely measured functional data, we explain why it is challenging for sparsely measured functional data and show what can be…

We propose a Hausman test for the correct specification of unobserved heterogeneity in both linear and nonlinear fixed-effects panel data models. The null hypothesis is that heterogeneity is either time-invariant or, symmetrically,…

Implicit methods for the numerical solution of initial-value problems may admit multiple solutions at any given time step. Accordingly, their nonlinear solvers may converge to any of these solutions. Below a critical timestep, exactly one…

Suppose there are two unknown parameters, each parameter is the solution to an estimating equation, and the estimating equation of one parameter depends on the other parameter. The parameters can be jointly estimated by "stacking" their…

Assuming that data are collected sequentially from independent streams, we consider the simultaneous testing of multiple binary hypotheses under two general setups; when the number of signals (correct alternatives) is known in advance, and…

The goal of mediation analysis is to study the effect of exposure on an outcome interceded by a mediator. Two simple hypotheses are tested: the effect of the exposure on the mediator, and the effect of the mediator on the outcome. When…

Identifying causal effects is a key problem of interest across many disciplines. The two long-standing approaches to estimate causal effects are observational and experimental (randomized) studies. Observational studies can suffer from…

We consider exact asymptotics of the minimax risk for global testing against sparse alternatives in the context of high dimensional linear regression. Our results characterize the leading order behavior of this minimax risk in several…

Several application domains require formal but flexible approaches to the comparison problem. Different process models that cannot be related by behavioral equivalences should be compared via a quantitative notion of similarity, which is…

This paper considers sequential adaptive estimation of sparse signals under a constraint on the total sensing effort. The advantage of adaptivity in this context is the ability to focus more resources on regions of space where signal…

We consider sequential hypothesis testing between two quantum states using adaptive and non-adaptive strategies. In this setting, samples of an unknown state are requested sequentially and a decision to either continue or to accept one of…

Design-based simulations - procedures that hold realized outcomes fixed and generate variation by resampling treatment assignment or shocks - are widely used in both methodological and applied work to assess inference procedures. This paper…

Accelerated life-tests (ALTs) are used for inferring lifetime characteristics of highly reliable products. In particular, step-stress ALTs increase the stress level at which units under test are subject at certain pre-fixed times, thus…