Related papers: Generating trees for permutations avoiding general…
We introduce the notion of crossings and nestings of a permutation. We compute the generating function of permutations with a fixed number of weak exceedances, crossings and nestings. We link alignments and permutation patterns to these…
In this paper we find the generating function for the number of vertices that have k elements in their subtree and use this generating function to calculate the probability that a vertex has a size k subtree. We also show how this same…
We present a generating function and a closed counting formula in two variables that enumerate a family of classes of permutations that avoid or contain an increasing pattern of length three and have a prescribed number of occurrences of…
In [BabStein] Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. In [Kit1] Kitaev considered simultaneous…
Permutations are usually enumerated by size, but new results can be found by enumerating them by inversions instead, in which case one must restrict one's attention to indecomposable permutations. In the style of the seminal paper by Simion…
Decision trees are highly interpretable models for solving classification problems in machine learning (ML). The standard ML algorithms for training decision trees are fast but generate suboptimal trees in terms of accuracy. Other discrete…
Motivated by the question of how macromolecules assemble, the notion of an {\it assembly tree} of a graph is introduced. Given a graph $G$, the paper is concerned with enumerating the number of assembly trees of $G$, a problem that applies…
We seek to automate the design of molecules based on specific chemical properties. In computational terms, this task involves continuous embedding and generation of molecular graphs. Our primary contribution is the direct realization of…
In this paper, we generalize 2-trees by replacing triangles by quadrilaterals, pentagons or $k$-sided polygons ($k$-gons), where $k\geq 3$ is fixed. This generalization, to $k$-gonal 2-trees, is natural and is closely related, in the planar…
Previous work has studied the pattern count on singly restricted permutations. In this work, we focus on patterns of length 3 in multiply restricted permutations, especially for double and triple pattern-avoiding permutations. We derive…
A permutation is called layered if it consists of the disjoint union of substrings (layers) so that the entries decrease within each layer, and increase between the layers. We find the generating function for the number of permutations on…
We introduce an algorithm that conjectures the structure of a permutation class in the form of a disjoint cover of "rules"; similar to generalized grid classes. The cover is usually easily verified by a human and translated into an…
Multi-label classification is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing. It is more complex than single-label classification in that the labels tend to be correlated. Existing methods tend to ignore the correlations…
We derive the algebraic generating function for inversion sequences avoiding the patterns $201$ and $210$ by describing a set of succession rules, converting them to a system of generating function equations with one catalytic variable, and…
Language models generate reasoning sequentially, preventing them from decoupling irrelevant exploration paths during search. We introduce Tree-Structured Language Modeling (TSLM), which uses special tokens to encode branching structure,…
This paper completes a project to enumerate permutations avoiding a triple T of 4-letter patterns, in the sense of classical pattern avoidance, for every T. There are 317 symmetry classes of such triples T and previous papers have…
Many real-world problems require making sequences of decisions where the outcomes of each decision are probabilistic and uncertain, and the availability of different actions is constrained by the outcomes of previous actions. There is a…
Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. We consider n-permutations that avoid the generalized pattern…
We present a version of the weighted cellular matrix-tree theorem that is suitable for calculating explicit generating functions for spanning trees of highly structured families of simplicial and cell complexes. We apply the result to give…
We introduce bud generating systems, which are used for combinatorial generation. They specify sets of various kinds of combinatorial objects, called languages. They can emulate context-free grammars, regular tree grammars, and synchronous…