Related papers: Leadership in 2D living neural networks
We introduce a toy model of the "rat race" in which individuals try to better themselves relative to the rest of the population. An individual is characterized by a real-valued fitness and each advances at a constant rate by an amount that…
Adolescence is marked by rapid development of executive function. Mounting evidence suggests that executive function in adults may be driven by dynamic control of neurophysiological processes. Yet, how these dynamics evolve over adolescence…
Experimental and numerical results suggest that the brain can be viewed as a system acting close to a critical point, as confirmed by scale-free distributions of relevant quantities in a variety of different systems and models. Less…
Spike correlations between neurons are ubiquitous in the cortex, but their role is at present not understood. Here we describe the firing response of a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron (LIF) when it receives a temporarily correlated input…
Neurons communicate with downstream systems via sparse and incredibly brief electrical pulses, or spikes. Using these events, they control various targets such as neuromuscular units, neurosecretory systems, and other neurons in connected…
Activity in coupled systems is often oscillatory, for example, the firing pattern of neuronal populations. Whereas these oscillations have been studied predominantly in local circuits, here we show how the topology of large-scale networks,…
Recent advances in theoretical biology suggest that basal cognition and sentient behaviour are emergent properties of in vitro cell cultures and neuronal networks, respectively. Such neuronal networks spontaneously learn structured…
It has recently been discovered that single neuron stimulation can impact network dynamics in immature and adult neuronal circuits. Here we report a novel mechanism which can explain in neuronal circuits, at an early stage of development,…
Rapid action potential generation --- spiking --- and alternating intervals of spiking and quiescence --- bursting --- are two dynamic patterns observed in neuronal activity. In computational models of neuronal systems, the transition from…
Spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) is an organizing principle of biological neural networks. While synchronous firing of neurons is considered to be an important functional block in the brain, how STDP shapes neural networks possibly…
We consider a sparse random network of excitatory leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with short-term synaptic depression. Furthermore to mimic the dynamics of a brain circuit in its first stages of development we introduce for each neuron…
To compensate for sensory processing delays, the visual system must make predictions to ensure timely and appropriate behaviors. Recent work has found predictive information about the stimulus in neural populations early in vision…
Neurons process sensory stimuli efficiently, showing sparse yet highly variable ensemble spiking activity involving structured higher-order interactions. Notably, while neural populations are mostly silent, they occasionally exhibit highly…
Here we study the emergence of spontaneous leadership in large populations. In standard models of opinion dynamics, herding behavior is only obeyed at the local scale due to the interaction of single agents with their neighbors; while at…
A discrete-time random process is described which can generate bursty sequences of events. A Bernoulli process, where the probability of an event occurring at time $t$ is given by a fixed probability $x$, is modified to include a memory…
We consider a stochastic model describing the spiking activity of a countable set of neurons spatially organized into a homogeneous tree of degree $d$, $d \geq 2$; the degree of a neuron is just the number of connections it has. Roughly,…
Intensive computational and theoretical work has led to the development of mutliple mathematical models for bursting in respiratory neurons in the pre-B\"otzinger Complex (pre-B\"otC) of the mammalian brainstem. Nonetheless, these previous…
Inhomogeneous temporal processes, like those appearing in human communications, neuron spike trains, and seismic signals, consist of high-activity bursty intervals alternating with long low-activity periods. In recent studies such bursty…
We investigate numerically the collective dynamical behavior of pulse-coupled non-leaky integrate-and-fire-neurons that are arranged on a two-dimensional small-world network. To ensure ongoing activity, we impose a probability for…
Memories in the brain are separated in two categories: short-term and long-term memories. Long-term memories remain for a lifetime, while short-term ones exist from a few milliseconds to a few minutes. Within short-term memory studies,…