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The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the leading ground-base observatory for Very High Energy (VHE) {\gamma}-ray astronomy for the next decades. Its southern site will host about 70 Small Sized Telescopes (SSTs) which will determine…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 Roberta Pillera , Gianluca Giavitto , Heike Prokoph

The Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT) is proposed for the Small-Sized Telescope component of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). GCT's dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder (SC) optical system allows the use of a compact camera with small…

The TeV gamma ray sky is observable by recording footprints of extensive air showers with an array of particle detectors. In the northern hemisphere there are currently two projects employing this technique: The HAWC gamma ray observatory…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-19 Harm Schoorlemmer , Rubén López-Coto , Jim Hinton

Very-high-energy (>100 GeV) gamma-ray astronomy is emerging as an important discipline in both high energy astrophysics and astro-particle physics. This field is currently dominated by Imaging Atmospheric-Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-15 Jim Hinton

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a future ground-based gamma-ray astronomy detector that will consist of more than 100 Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes of different sizes. The total reflective surface of roughly 10 000 m$^2$…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 C. Schultz , M. Doro , L. Lessio , M. Mariotti , R. Rando

Variable emission is one of the defining characteristic of active galactic nuclei (AGN). While providing precious information on the nature and physics of the sources, variability is often challenging to observe with time- and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-08 Matteo Giomi , Lucie Gerard , Gernot Maier

A general purpose instrument for imaging of Cherenkov light or fluorescence light emitted by extensive air showers is presented. Its refractive optics allows for a compact and light-weight design with a wide field-of-view of 12{\deg}. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-15 T. Bretz , T. Hebbeker , J. Kemp , L. Middendorf , T. Niggemann , C. Peters , M. Schaufel , J. Schumacher , J. Auffenberg , C. Wiebusch

Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are essential to ground-based observations of gamma rays in the GeV to TeV regime. One particular challenge of ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is an effective rejection of the hadronic background.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 Jonas Glombitza , Vikas Joshi , Benedetta Bruno , Stefan Funk

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will present the next leap forward in gamma-ray astronomy, pushing beyond the present energy frontier to probe beyond 300 TeV. This capability is provided by the 70 Small Sized Telescopes (SSTs). The SSTs…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-23 Jason John Watson , Justus Zorn

Ground-level particle detection has recently emerged as an extremely powerful approach to TeV-PeV gamma-ray astronomy. The most successful observatories of this type, HAWC and LHAASO, utilise water-Cherenkov based detector units, housed in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-15 Hazal Goksu , Werner Hofmann , Felix Werner , Fabian Haist , Jim Hinton

Currently the detection of Very High Energy gamma-rays for astrophysics rely on the measurement of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) either using Cherenkov detectors or EAS arrays with larger field of views but also larger energy thresholds.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-01 P. Assis , U. Barres de Almeida , A. Blanco , R. Conceição , B. D'Ettoree Piazzoli , A. de Angelis , M. Doro , P. Fonte , L. Lopes , G. Matthiae , M. Pimenta , R. Shellard , B. Tomé

The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory and the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) are two leading instruments in the ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray domain. HAWC employs the water Cherenkov detection (WCD)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-09 H. Abdalla , F. Aharonian , F. Ait Benkhali , E. O. Angüner , C. Arcaro , C. Armand , T. Armstrong , H. Ashkar , M. Backes , V. Baghmanyan , V. Barbosa Martins , A. Barnacka , M. Barnard , Y. Becherini , D. Berge , K. Bernlöhr , B. Bi , M. Böttcher , C. Boisson , J. Bolmont , M. de Bony de Lavergne , M. Breuhaus , R. Brose , F. Brun , P. Brun , M. Bryan , M. Büchele , T. Bulik , T. Bylund , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , T. Chand , S. Chandra , A. Chen , G. Cotter , M. Curyło , J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye , I. D. Davids , J. Davies , C. Deil , J. Devin , L. Dirson , A. Djannati-Ataï , A. Dmytriiev , A. Donath , V. Doroshenko , L. Dreyer , C. Duffy , J. Dyks , K. Egberts , F. Eichhorn , S. Einecke , G. Emery , J. -P. Ernenwein , K. Feijen , S. Fegan , A. Fiasson , G. Fichet de Clairfontaine , G. Fontaine , S. Funk , M. Füßling , S. Gabici , Y. A. Gallant , G. Giavitto , L. Giunti , D. Glawion , J. F. Glicenstein , D. Gottschall , M. -H. Grondin , J. Hahn , M. Haupt , G. Hermann , J. A. Hinton , W. Hofmann , C. Hoischen , T. L. Holch , M. Holler , M. Hörbe , D. Horns , D. Huber , M. Jamrozy , D. Jankowsky , F. Jankowsky , I. Jung-Richardt , E. Kasai , M. A. Kastendieck , K. Katarzyński , U. Katz , D. Khangulyan , B. Khélifi , S. Klepser , W. Kluźniak , Nu. Komin , R. Konno , K. Kosack , D. Kostunin , M. Kreter , G. Lamanna , A. Lemière , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , F. Leuschner , C. Levy , T. Lohse , I. Lypova , J. Mackey , J. Majumdar , D. Malyshev , D. Malyshev , V. Marandon , P. Marchegiani , A. Marcowith , A. Mares , G. Martí-Devesa , R. Marx , G. Maurin , P. J. Meintjes , M. Meyer , A. M. W. Mitchell , R. Moderski , L. Mohrmann , A. Montanari , C. Moore , P. Morris , E. Moulin , J. Muller , T. Murach , K. Nakashima , A. Nayerhoda , M. de Naurois , H. Ndiyavala , J. Niemiec , L. Oakes , P. O Brien , H. Odaka , S. Ohm , L. Olivera-Nieto , E. de Ona Wilhelmi , M. Ostrowski , S. Panny , M. Panter , R. D. Parsons , G. Peron , B. Peyaud , Q. Piel , S. Pita , V. Poireau , A. Priyana Noel , D. A. Prokhorov , H. Prokoph , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , A. Quirrenbach , S. Raab , R. Rauth , P. Reichherzer , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , Q. Remy , M. Renaud , F. Rieger , L. Rinchiuso , C. Romoli , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , V. Sahakian , S. Sailer , H. Salzmann , D. A. Sanchez , A. Santangelo , M. Sasaki , J. Schäfer , F. Schüssler , H. M. Schutte , U. Schwanke , M. Seglar-Arroyo , M. Senniappan , A. S. Seyffert , N. Shafi , J. N. S. Shapopi , K. Shiningayamwe , R. Simoni , A. Sinha , H. Sol , A. Specovius , S. Spencer , M. Spir-Jacob , Ł. Stawarz , L. Sun , R. Steenkamp , C. Stegmann , S. Steinmassl , C. Steppa , T. Takahashi , T. Tavernier , A. M. Taylor , R. Terrier , J. H. E. Thiersen , D. Tiziani , M. Tluczykont , L. Tomankova , C. Trichard , M. Tsirou , R. Tuffs , Y. Uchiyama , D. J. van der Walt , C. van Eldik , C. van Rensburg , B. van Soelen , G. Vasileiadis , J. Veh , C. Venter , P. Vincent , J. Vink , H. J. Völk , Z. Wadiasingh , S. J. Wagner , J. Watson , F. Werner , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , Yu Wun Wong , A. Yusafzai , M. Zacharias , R. Zanin , D. Zargaryan , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , S. J. Zhu , A. Zmija , J. Zorn , S. Zouari , N. Żywucka , A. Albert , R. Alfaro , C. Alvarez , J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez , K. P. Arunbabu , D. Avila Rojas , V. Baghmanyan , E. Belmont-Moreno , S. Y. BenZvi , C. Brisbois , K. S. Caballero-Mora , T. Capistrán , A. Carramiñana , S. Casanova , U. Cotti , J. Cotzomi , S. Coutiño de León , E. De la Fuente , C. de León , R. Diaz Hernandez , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , B. L. Dingus , M. A. DuVernois , M. Durocher , R. W. Ellsworth , K. Engel , C. Espinoza , K. L. Fan , M. Fernández Alonso , N. Fraija , A. Galván-Gámez , D. Garcia , J. A. García-González , F. Garfias , G. Giacinti , M. M. González , J. A. Goodman , J. P. Harding , S. Hernandez , B. Hona , D. Huang , F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla , P. Hüntemeyer , A. Iriarte , A. Jardin-Blicq , V. Joshi , D. Kieda , W. H. Lee , H. León Vargas , J. T. Linnemann , A. L. Longinotti , G. Luis-Raya , R. López-Coto , K. Malone , O. Martinez , I. Martinez-Castellanos , J. Martínez-Castro , J. A. Matthews , P. Miranda-Romagnoli , J. A. Morales-Soto , E. Moreno , M. Mostafá , A. Nayerhoda , L. Nellen , M. Newbold , M. U. Nisa , R. Noriega-Papaqui , N. Omodei , A. Peisker , Y. Pérez Araujo , E. G. Pérez-Pérez , C. D. Rho , D. Rosa-González , E. Ruiz-Velasco , F. Salesa Greus , A. Sandoval , M. Schneider , H. Schoorlemmer , J. Serna-Franco , A. J. Smith , R. W. Springer , P. Surajbali , K. Tollefson , I. Torres , R. Torres-Escobedo , R. Turner , F. Ureña-Mena , L. Villaseñor , T. Weisgarber , E. Willox , H. Zhou

Cherenkov telescopes play a major role in the growth of the TeV Astronomy which, in 20 years, has reached the status of an important branch of Astrophysics, because of the observations of the violent, non thermal processes in the extreme…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-10-19 B. Sacco , S. Vercellone

Arrays of Cherenkov telescopes typically use multi-level trigger schemes to keep the rate of random triggers from the night sky background low. At a first stage, individual telescopes produce a trigger signal from the pixel information in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 M. Barcelo , J. A. Barrio , O. Blanch Bigas , J. Boix , C. Delgado , D. Herranz , R. Lopez-Coto , G. Martinez , L. A. Tejedor

The Cherenkov Telescopic Array (CTA), the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, will have unprecedented sensitivity, providing answers to open questions in gamma-ray cosmology and fundamental physics. Using simulations of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-18 Ievgen Vovk , Jonathan Biteau , Humberto Martinez-Huerta , Manuel Meyer , Santiago Pita

Once completed, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be able to map the gamma-ray sky in a wide energy range from several tens of GeV to some hundreds of TeV and will be more sensitive than previous experiments by an order of magnitude.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-05 Kai Brügge , Alexey Egorov , Christian Bockermann , Katharina Morik , Wolfgang Rhode

A fast trigger system is being designed as a potential upgrade to VERITAS, or as the basis for a future array of imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes such as AGIS. The scientific goal is a reduction of the energy threshold by a factor…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-04 M. Schroedter , J. Anderson , K. Byrum , G. Drake , C. Duke , J. Holder , A. Imran , A. Madhavan , F. Krennrich , A. Kreps , A. Smith

Ground-based composition measurements of high-energy cosmic rays can be significantly improved by using the direct Cherenkov method. This technique targets the Cherenkov light produced by the primary particle prior to its production of an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 S. A. Wissel

Telescopes -- far seeing -- have since centuries revealed insights to objects at cosmic distances. Adopted for gamma-ray-astronomy, ground based Cherenkov-telescopes image the faint Cherenkov-light of air-showers induced by cosmic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-01 Sebastian Achim Mueller