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Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can drive oncogene amplification, gene expression and intratumor heterogeneity, representing a major force in cancer initiation and progression. The phenomenon becomes even more intricate as distinct types of…
When confronted with an undesired cell population, such as bacterial infections or tumors, we seek the most effective treatment, designed to eliminate the population as rapidly as possible. A common practice is to monitor the cells…
Comparative studies of cancer-related genes allow us to gain novel information about the evolution and function of these genes, but also to understand cancer as a driving force in biological systems and species life histories. So far,…
In this paper, a mixed-effect modeling scheme is proposed to construct a predictor for different features of cancer tumor. For this purpose, a set of features is extracted from two groups of patients with the same type of cancer but with…
We study the spatial evolutionary dynamics of solid tumors as they obtain additional driver mutations. We start with a cancer clone that expands uniformly in three dimensions giving rise to a spherical shape. We assume that cell division…
Recent progress in microdissection and in DNA sequencing has enabled subsampling of multi-focal cancers in organs such as the liver in several hundred spots, helping to determine the pattern of mutations in each of these spots. This has led…
In this paper we propose an ecological resilience point of view on cancer. This view is based on the analysis of a simple ODE model for the interactions between cancer and normal cells. The model presents two regimes for tumor growth. In…
... By additionally considering a two-mutation model for carcinogenesis and indefinite proliferation by the activation of telomerase, we demonstrate that the risk of dying doe to cancer can outweigh the positive effect of longer telomeres…
We investigate noise-induced pattern formation in a model of cancer growth based on Michaelis-Menten kinetics, subject to additive and multiplicative noises. We analyse stability properties of the system and discuss the role of diffusion…
The reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from mixed populations has become important in the study of cancer evolution, as sequencing is often performed on bulk tumor tissue containing mixed populations of cells. Recent work has shown how to…
Chemotherapy is one of the most important therapeutic options used to treat human cancers, either alone or in combination with radiation therapy and surgery. Recent studies have indicated that intra-tumoural heterogeneity has a significant…
Cancer is known as a disease mainly caused by gene alterations. Discovery of mutated driver pathways or gene sets is becoming an important step to understand molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis. However, systematically investigating…
We study a spatially inhomogeneous model of cancer growth based on Michaelis--Menten kinetics, subjected to additive Gaussian noise and multiplicative dichotomous noise. In presence of the latter, we can observe a transition between two…
Cancer treatment is an arduous process for patients and causes many side-effects during and post-treatment. The treatment can affect almost all body systems and result in pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairments, etc. These…
Over time, a population acquires neutral genetic substitutions as a consequence of random drift. A famous result in population genetics asserts that the rate, $K$, at which these substitutions accumulate in the population coincides with the…
Five-year cancer survival rates are widely reported and often interpreted to mean that early detection saves lives, that a late fatal diagnosis would have been prevented by earlier detection, and that increasing survival over time proves…
In some patients of myeloproliferative neoplasm, two genetic mutations can be found: JAK2 V617F and TET2. When one mutation is present or not, the other mutation has different effects on regulating gene expressions. Besides, when both…
Tomasetti and Vogelstein recently proposed that the majority of variation in cancer risk among tissues is due to "bad luck," that is, random mutations arising during DNA replication in normal noncancerous stem cells. They generalize this…
One possible explanation for the substantial organismal differences between humans and chimpanzees is that there have been changes in gene regulation. Given what is known about transcription factor binding sites, this motivates the…
Recurrence and metastasis have been regarded as two of the greatest obstacles for curing cancer. Cancer stem cell (CSC) have been found. They contribute to cancer development with the distinct feature of recurrence and resistance to the…