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Consider the following generalization of the classic binary search problem: a searcher is required to find a hidden vertex $x$ in a tree $T$. To do so, they iteratively perform queries to an oracle, each about a chosen vertex $v$. After…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Michał Szyfelbein

The Steiner Tree problem is a classical problem in combinatorial optimization: the goal is to connect a set $T$ of terminals in a graph $G$ by a tree of minimum size. Karpinski and Zelikovsky (1996) studied the $\delta$-dense version of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Marek Karpinski , Mateusz Lewandowski , Syed Mohammad Meesum , Matthias Mnich

We consider the $k$-prize-collecting Steiner tree problem. An instance is composed of an integer $k$ and a graph $G$ with costs on edges and penalties on vertices. The objective is to find a tree spanning at least $k$ vertices which…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Lehilton Lelis Chaves Pedrosa , Hugo Kooki Kasuya Rosado

In the k-arc connected subgraph problem, we are given a directed graph G and an integer k and the goal is the find a subgraph of minimum cost such that there are at least k-arc disjoint paths between any pair of vertices. We give a simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-05-09 Bundit Laekhanukit , Shayan Oveis Gharan , Mohit Singh

Given a directed graph $G = (V, E)$, the $k$-path partition problem is to find a minimum collection of vertex-disjoint directed paths each of order at most $k$ to cover all the vertices of $V$. The problem has various applications in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Yong Chen , Zhi-Zhong Chen , Curtis Kennedy , Guohui Lin , Yao Xu , An Zhang

The ridesharing problem is that given a set of trips, each trip consists of an individual, a vehicle of the individual and some requirements, select a subset of trips and use the vehicles of selected trips to deliver all individuals to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Qian-Ping Gu , Jiajian Leo Liang , Guochuan Zhang

The online Dial-a-Ride problem is a fundamental online problem in a metric space, where transportation requests appear over time and may be served in any order by a single server with unit speed. Restricted to the real line, online…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Alexander Birx , Yann Disser

We present improved learning-augmented algorithms for finding an approximate minimum spanning tree (MST) for points in an arbitrary metric space. Our work follows a recent framework called metric forest completion (MFC), where the learned…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Nate Veldt , Thomas Stanley , Benjamin W. Priest , Trevor Steil , Keita Iwabuchi , T. S. Jayram , Grace J. Li , Geoffrey Sanders

In the $k$-Cut problem, we are given an edge-weighted graph $G$ and an integer $k$, and have to remove a set of edges with minimum total weight so that $G$ has at least $k$ connected components. Prior work on this problem gives, for all $h…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Anupam Gupta , Euiwoong Lee , Jason Li

We study approximate distributed solutions to the weighted {\it all-pairs-shortest-paths} (APSP) problem in the CONGEST model. We obtain the following results. $1.$ A deterministic $(1+o(1))$-approximation to APSP in $\tilde{O}(n)$ rounds.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-12-30 Christoph Lenzen , Boaz Patt-Shamir

Consider the following "local" cut-detection problem in a directed graph: We are given a seed vertex $x$ and need to remove at most $k$ edges so that at most $\nu$ edges can be reached from $x$ (a "local" cut) or output $\bot$ to indicate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Sebastian Forster , Danupon Nanongkai , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Liu Yang , Sorrachai Yingchareonthawornchai

In the minimum $k$-edge-connected spanning subgraph ($k$-ECSS) problem the goal is to find the minimum weight subgraph resistant to up to $k-1$ edge failures. This is a central problem in network design, and a natural generalization of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Michal Dory

Given a set of $k$-colored points in the plane, we consider the problem of finding $k$ trees such that each tree connects all points of one color class, no two trees cross, and the total edge length of the trees is minimized. For $k=1$,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Sergey Bereg , Krzysztof Fleszar , Philipp Kindermann , Sergey Pupyrev , Joachim Spoerhase , Alexander Wolff

We consider the problem of constructing optimal decision trees: given a collection of tests which can disambiguate between a set of $m$ possible diseases, each test having a cost, and the a-priori likelihood of the patient having any…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Anupam Gupta , Viswanath Nagarajan , R. Ravi

Dial-a-Ride problems have been proposed to model the challenge to consolidate passenger transportation requests with a fleet of shared vehicles. The line-based Dial-a-Ride problem (LiDARP) is a variant where the passengers are transported…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Antonio Lauerbach , Kendra Reiter , Marie Schmidt

Given query access to an undirected graph $G$, we consider the problem of computing a $(1\pm\epsilon)$-approximation of the number of $k$-cliques in $G$. The standard query model for general graphs allows for degree queries, neighbor…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Talya Eden , Dana Ron , C. Seshadhri

We study the {\em $k$-route} generalizations of various cut problems, the most general of which is \emph{$k$-route multicut} ($k$-MC) problem, wherein we have $r$ source-sink pairs and the goal is to delete a minimum-cost set of edges to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-21 Guru Guruganesh , Laura Sanita , Chaitanya Swamy

The Dial-a-Ride Problem (DARP) is an optimization problem that involves determining optimal routes and schedules for several vehicles to pick up and deliver items at minimum cost. Motivated by real-world carpooling and crowdshipping…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-06-24 Boshuai Zhao , Kai Wang , Wenchao Wei , Roel Leus

The text-to-pattern Hamming distances problem asks to compute the Hamming distances between a given pattern of length $m$ and all length-$m$ substrings of a given text of length $n\ge m$. We focus on the $k$-mismatch version of the problem,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Raphaël Clifford , Paweł Gawrychowski , Tomasz Kociumaka , Daniel P. Martin , Przemysław Uznański

We give almost-linear-time algorithms for approximating rooted minimum cut and maximum arborescence packing in directed graphs, two problems that are dual to each other [Edm73]. More specifically, for an $n$-vertex, $m$-edge directed graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yonggang Jiang , Yaowei Long , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Benyu Wang