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The validity of non-perturbative methods is questioned. The concept of relative space is introduced.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-15 M. Veltman

A fundamental assumption in the standard model of cosmology is that the Universe is isotropic on large scales. Breaking this assumption leads to a set of solutions to Einstein's field equations, known as Bianchi cosmologies, only a subset…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-23 Daniela Saadeh , Stephen M. Feeney , Andrew Pontzen , Hiranya V. Peiris , Jason D. McEwen

It is proposed that spacetime should be regarded as an evolving block universe, bounded to the future by the present time, which continually extends to the future. This future boundary is defined at each time by measuring proper time along…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 George F R Ellis

Multiverse scenarios are common place in contemporary high energy physics and cosmology, although many consider them simply as bold speculations. In any case there is nothing like a single theory or a unified model of the multiverse.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephano Bettini

Despite two decades of tremendous experimental and theoretical progress, the riddle of the accelerated expansion of the Universe remains to be solved. On the experimental side, our understanding of the possibilities and limitations of the…

A central area of current philosophical debate in the foundations of mathematics concerns whether or not there is a single, maximal, universe of set theory. Universists maintain that there is such a universe, while Multiversists argue that…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Carolin Antos , Neil Barton , Sy-David Friedman

It has always been considered a serious error to treat the cosmological redshift as a Doppler velocity effect rather than the result of space expansion. It is demonstrated here that in practical terms this is not the case, and that the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alasdair Macleod

Among the various attempts to formulate a theory of quantum gravity, a class of approaches suggests that spacetime, as modeled by general relativity, is destined to fade away. A major issue becomes then to identify which structures may…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Emilia Margoni , Daniele Oriti

Cosmography represents an important branch of cosmology which aims to describe the universe without the need of postulating \emph{a priori} any particular cosmological model. All quantities of interest are expanded as a Taylor series around…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-23 Peter K. S. Dunsby , Orlando Luongo

The alignments of galaxies across the large-scale structure of the Universe are known to be a source of contamination for gravitational lensing, but they can also probe cosmology and the physics of galaxy evolution in many ways. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-19 Nora Elisa Chisari

In the present work, it is shown that the problem of the accelerating expansion of the Universe can be directly solved by applying Einstein geometrization philosophy in a wider geometry. The geometric structure used to fulfil the aim of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. I. Wanas

Cosmology as an exact physical science is of new date, but it has long roots in the past. This essay is concerned with four important themes in the history of cosmological thought which, if taken together, offer a fairly comprehensive…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Helge Kragh

In this article, we present new comments to the article On Kant's First Insight Into The Problem of Space Dimensionality and Its Physical Foundations. In particular, we discuss how the space concept is designed in the first writing of Kant.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-10-19 Francisco Caruso , Zulena dos Santos Silva

The origin of the dark energy which is assumed to be responsible for the observed accelerated expansion of the universe still remains a scientific dilemma. Here we propose a tentative origin for this energy, if it is coming from a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-23 N. Riazi , Sh. Assyyaee

An introduction to modern theories for the origin of structure in the Universe is given. After a brief review of the growth of cosmological perturbations in an expanding Universe and a summary of some important observational results, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-03 Robert H. Brandenberger

Some attack scientific rationality, others defend it, but both miss the point. What both parties take to be scientific rationality is actually a species of irrationality masquerading as scientific rationality. The current orthodox…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Nicholas Maxwell

The recent growth of the space sector, spurred by a surge in private actors, has led to a sharp increase in our ability to address societal challenges through space data. However, this has exacerbated an already critical situation in space:…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-30 Andrew Ross Wilson , Massimiliano Vasile

Could one start from scratch, ignore relativity theory and quantum theory, create and expand our 3-D universe with no singularities, have the mathematical model predict correctly all of the cosmological parameters, provide the origins and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles B. Leffert

The recently observed accelerated expansion of the universe has put a challenge for its theoretical understanding. As a possible explanation of this, it is considered that the most part of the present universe is filled with a form of…

Understanding the space of possible theoretical explanations for the observed cosmic acceleration is a central challenge of modern cosmology. This brief document sketches selected aspects of approaches to this problem, focusing on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-01 Mark Trodden
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