Related papers: Event Weighted Tests for Detecting Periodicity in …
The usual procedure for estimating the significance of a peak in a power spectrum is to calculate the probability of obtaining that value or a larger value by chance, on the assumption that the time series contains only noise (e.g. that the…
Conventional techniques that measure rapid time variations are inefficient or inadequate to discover and observe rapidly pulsating astronomical sources. It is therefore conceivable that there exist some classes of objects pulsating with…
A pulsed source of entangled photons is desirable for some applications. Yet, such a source has intrinsic problems arising from the simultaneous arrival of the signal and noise photons to the detectors. These problems are analyzed and…
We propose to use pulsar scintillation measurements to test predictions of alternative theories of gravity. Comparing to single-path pulsar timing measurements, the scintillation measurements can achieve a factor of 10^5 improvement in…
Aperiodic variability is a characteristic feature of young stars, massive stars, and active galactic nuclei. With the recent proliferation of time domain surveys, it is increasingly essential to develop methods to quantify and analyze…
The goals of discovering quantum radiation dynamics in high-intensity laser-plasma interactions and engineering new laser-driven high-energy particle sources both require accurate and robust predictions. Experiments rely on particle-in-cell…
We present a machine learning-based anomaly detection strategy designed to identify anomalous physics in events containing resonant Standard Model physics and demonstrate this method on the final state of a Higgs boson decaying to two…
Methods to classify events experimentally according to collision geometry are well established and non-controversial when collisions of large ions are studied. However, high luminosity data from $p/d$+A collisions at RHIC and LHC provided…
Photon detection efficiency is a key parameter of PMTs in high-precision neutrino and dark matter experiments, while most of these experiments are focus on quantum efficiency. More and more experiments are trying to know the detection…
We consider the problem of learning the inhomogeneous intensity of a counting process, under a sparse segmentation assumption. We introduce a weighted total-variation penalization, using data-driven weights that correctly scale the…
A new method for measuring \ngr cross sections aiming at enhanced signal-to-background ratio is presented. This new approach is based on the combination of the pulse-height weighting technique with a total energy detection system that…
Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) carried by X-ray telescopes are powerful tools for the study of neutron stars and black holes. Several methods, such as optimal filtering or principal component analysis, have already been…
Searches for statistically significant correlations between arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays and classes of astrophysical objects are common in astroparticle physics. We present a method to test potential correlation…
The concept and subsequent experimental verification of the proportionality between pulse amplitude and detector transit time for microchannel plate detectors is presented. This discovery has led to considerable improvement in the overall…
It is not widely appreciated that many subtleties are involved in the accurate measurement of intensity-correlated photons; even for the original experiments of Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT). Using a monolithic 4x4 array of single-photon…
In this paper, we focus on testing gravity theories in the radiative regime using pulsar timing array observations. After reviewing current techniques to measure the dispersion and alternative polarization of gravitational waves, we extend…
Pulsar timing now has a rich history in placing limits on the stochastic background of gravitational waves, and we plan soon to reach the sensitivity where we can detect, not just place limits on, the stochastic background. However, the…
We introduce a new method to detect solar-like oscillations in frequency power spectra of stellar observations, under conditions of very low signal to noise. The Moving-Windowed-Power-Search, or MWPS, searches the power spectrum for…
We examine the potential for gamma-ray conversion to electron-positron pairs, either in the field of a nucleus or of an electron of a detector, to measure the fraction P of linear polarization of cosmic gamma sources. For this purpose we…
The Einstein's equivalence principle can be tested by using parameterized post-Newtonian parameters, of which the parameter $\gamma$ has been constrained by comparing the arrival times of photons with different energies. It has been…