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We show how to extend the concept of heat capacity to nonequilibrium systems. The main idea is to consider the excess heat released by an already dissipative system when slowly changing the environment temperature. We take the framework of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-11-15 Eliran Boksenbojm , Christian Maes , Karel Netocny , Jiri Pesek

We analyze the fluctuations of an electronic thermal current across an idealized molecular junction. The focus here will be on the spectral features of the resulting heat fluctuations. By use of the Green functionmethod we derive an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-12-02 Fei Zhan , Sergey Denisov , Peter Hänggi

Based on the Maxwell relationship and experimental viscosity data, the phonon theory of liquids can provide a temperature-dependent description of liquid heat capacity that is consistent with experimental data. However, since liquid heat…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-08 M. Y. Esmer , Bahtiyar A. Mamedov

Heat flux meters are used for measuring the heat flux densities going through walls, usually at quasi-steady state. The limitations of heat flux meters under dynamic conditions are well documented in the literature; nonetheless there is a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-06-25 I. Naveros , Christian Ghiaus , D. P. Ruíz

We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Ludovico Tesser , Matteo Acciai , Christian Spånslätt , Inès Safi , Janine Splettstoesser

A stationary body that is out of thermal equilibrium with its environment, and for which the electric susceptibility is non-reciprocal, experiences a quantum torque. This arises from the spatially non-symmetric electrical response of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Gerard Kennedy

It is known that temperature estimates of macroscopic systems in equilibrium are most precise when their energy fluctuations are large. However, for nanoscale systems deviations from standard thermodynamics arise due to their interactions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders

We discuss the application of techniques of quantum estimation theory and quantum metrology to thermometry. The ultimate limit to the precision at which the temperature of a system at thermal equilibrium can be determined is related to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Antonella De Pasquale , Thomas M. Stace

The constant temperature derivation, which is a model-free derivation of the Boltzmann factor, is generalized in order to develop a new simple model-free derivation of a power-law Tsallis factor based on an environment with constant heat…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 T. Wada

Single-qubit thermometry presents the simplest tool to measure the temperature of thermal baths with reduced invasivity. At thermal equilibrium, the temperature uncertainty is linked to the heat capacity of the qubit, however the best…

We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-30 Laurent Joly , Samy Merabia , Jean-Louis Barrat

As a first step towards the understanding of the thermodynamical properties of quasiperiodic structures, we have performed both analytical and numerical calculations associated with succesive hierarchical approximations to multiscale…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. O. Vallejos , R. S. Mendes , L. R. da Silva , C. Tsallis

Recent experimental results: (i) the measurement of the $T \ln T$ specific heat in cuprates and the earlier such results in some heavy fermion compounds, (ii) the measurement of the single-particle scattering rates, (iii) the density…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-07-15 Chandra M. Varma

We study thermal conductance and thermopower of a metallic single-electron transistor beyond the limit of weak tunnel coupling. Employing both a systematic second-order perturbation expansion and a non-perturbative approximation scheme, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Björn Kubala , Jürgen König

We derive a condition for the realizability of heat released in nondeterministic processes from a fluctuation theorem, showing that this condition is strictly stronger than the probabilistic form of the second law of thermodynamics. With…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-26 Jihai Zhu

We derive the frequency-resolved heat current expression in the linear response regime for a setup comprised of reservoir, interacting central site, and tunneling barrier under the action of a time dependent electrical signal. We exploit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-21 Guillem Rosello , Rosa Lopez , Jong Soo Lim

Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-10-03 Kieran Kelly , Przemysław Repetowicz , Seosamh macRéamoinn

What is really measured in dynamic calorimetric experiments is still an open question. This paper is devoted to this question, which can be usefully envisaged by means of macroscopic non-equilibrium thermodynamics. From the pioneer work of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-07-15 Jean-Luc Garden

A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first-order. The result gives a correction to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-07-12 Marco Baiesi , Christian Maes , Bram Wynants

Frequency-dependence of specific heat in supercooled hard sphere liquid is computed using quantum mode-coupling theory (QMCT). Mode-coupling equations are solved using recently proposed perturbative method that allows to study relaxation in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-14 Ankita Das , Eran Rabani , Kunimasa Miyazaki , Upendra Harbola