English
Related papers

Related papers: The Two-State Vector Formalism

200 papers

In this paper we present the two-state vector formalism of quantum mechanics. It is a time-symmetrized approach to standard quantum theory particularly helpful for the analysis of experiments performed on pre- and post-selected ensembles.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-10 Yakir Aharonov , Lev Vaidman

The notion of collapse is discussed and refined within the Two-State-Vector Formalism (TSVF). We show how a definite result of a measurement can be fully determined when considering specific forward and backward-evolving quantum states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Yakir Aharonov , Eliahu Cohen , Eyal Gruss , Tomer Landsberger

The basic concept of the two-state vector formalism, which is the time symmetric approach to quantum mechanics, is the backward evolving quantum state. However, due to the time asymmetry of the memory's arrow of time, the possible ways to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Lev Vaidman

Here we present the time-bidirectional state formalism (TBSF) unifying in a general manner the standard quantum mechanical formalism with no postselection and the time-symmetrized two-state (density) vector formalism, which deals with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-24 Evgeniy O. Kiktenko

The two state vector formalism (TSVF) was proposed by Aharonov, Bergmann, and Lebowitz (ABL) to provide a way for the counterfactual assignment of the probabilities of outcomes of contemplated but unperformed measurements on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Jaskaran Singh , Rajendra Singh Bhati , Arvind

A novel prediction is derived by the Two-State-Vector-Formalism (TSVF) for a particle superposed over three boxes. Under appropriate pre- and postselections, and with tunneling enabled between two of the boxes, it is possible to derive not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Yakir Aharonov , Eliahu Cohen , Ariel Landau , Avshalom C. Elitzur

The Two-State-Vector formalism and the Entangled Histories formalism are attempts to better understand quantum correlations in time. The main objective of this paper is to show that, with appropriately defined scalar products, both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Marcin Nowakowski , Eliahu Cohen , Pawel Horodecki

A brief review of the time-symmetrized quantum formalism originated by Aharonov, Bergmann and Lebowitz is presented. Symmetry of various measurements under the time reversal is analyzed. Time-symmetrized counterfactuals are introduced. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Lev Vaidman

While quantum reality can be probed through measurements, the Two-State-Vector formalism (TSVF) reveals a subtler reality prevailing between measurements. Under special pre- and post-selections, odd physical values emerge. This unusual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-13 Yakir Aharonov , Eliahu Cohen , Mordecai Waegell , Avshalom C. Elitzur

The two-state vector formalism of quantum mechanics is a time-symmetrized approach to standard quantum theory. In our work, we aim to establish rigorous foundations for the future investigation within this formalism. We introduce the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Patryk Michalski , Andrzej Dragan

According to quantum theory, pure physical states correspond to equivalence classes of state vectors, where any two members of one class differ by a complex factor. The point is that such a factor does not change the probability for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-06 Ulrich Mutze

Evolution of a physical quantum state vector is described as governed by two distinct physical laws: Continuous, unitary time evolution and a relativistically covariant reduction process. In previous literature, it was concluded that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Bernd A. Berg

Time evolution is an indivisible part in any physics theory. Usually, people are accustomed to think that the universe is a fixed background and the system itself evolves step by step in time. However, Yakir Aharonov challenges this view…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-09 Hai Wang , Ray-Kuang Lee , Junde Wu

A density matrix {\rho}(t) yields probabilistic information about the outcome of measurements on a quantum system. We introduce here the past quantum state, which, at time T, accounts for the state of a quantum system at earlier times t <…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-21 Søren Gammelmark , Brian Julsgaard , Klaus Mølmer

A nested interferometer experiment by Danan et al (2013) is discussed and some claims evaluated concerning the whereabouts of the photon, primarily in the context of time-symmetric interpretations of quantum theory including the Two-State…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 R. E. Kastner

Optical quantum states defined in temporal modes, especially non-Gaussian states like photon-number states, play an important role in quantum computing schemes. In general, the temporal-mode structures of these states are characterized by…

Recently, it has been argued that quantum mechanics is complete, and that quantum states vectors are necessarily in one-to-one correspondence with the elements of reality, under the assumptions that quantum theory is correct and that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-24 GianCarlo Ghirardi , Raffaele Romano

It is hypothesized that the Langevin time of stochastic quantum quantization is a physical time over which quantum fields at all values of space and coordinate time fluctuate. The average over paths becomes a time average as opposed to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-16 Michael Grady

We introduce a two state vector formalism of quantum mechanics by generalizing Bell hidden variable model to higher dimensions and by attributing a physical significance, a state evolving backward in time, to the hidden variable. A simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Z. Gedik

We construct, in classical two-time physics, the necessary structure for the most general configuration space formulation of quantum mechanics containing gravity in d+2 dimensions. This structure is composed of a symmetric Riemannian metric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-13 W. Chagas-Filho
‹ Prev 1 2 3 10 Next ›