English

Can the present be the average of the future?

Quantum Physics 2026-05-20 v2

Abstract

We introduce a two state vector formalism of quantum mechanics by generalizing Bell hidden variable model to higher dimensions and by attributing a physical significance, a state evolving backward in time, to the hidden variable. A simple deterministic and time symmetric rule for measurement outcomes allows us to obtain the Born rule. It turns out that probabilistic outcomes can be derived from a deterministic assignment and averaging over future states that propagate backward to the present. The assignment rule provides an alternative statement and demonstration of the Pusey, Barrett, Rudolph theorem.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.11968,
  title  = {Can the present be the average of the future?},
  author = {Z. Gedik},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.11968},
  year   = {2026}
}

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8 pages