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This paper tackles the issue of real-time parametric estimation of a wide class of probability density functions from limited datasets. This type of estimation addresses recent applications that require joint sensing and actuation. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Ahmad A. Masoud

Very often, in the course of uncertainty quantification tasks or data analysis, one has to deal with high-dimensional random variables (RVs). A high-dimensional RV can be described by its probability density (pdf) and/or by the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-09-09 Alexander Litvinenko , Youssef Marzouk , Hermann G. Matthies , Marco Scavino , Alessio Spantini

The estimation and utilization of photometric redshift probability density functions (photo-$z$ PDFs) has become increasingly important over the last few years and currently there exist a wide variety of algorithms to compute photo-$z$'s,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-05 M. Carrasco Kind , R. J. Brunner

We present a public code to generate random fields with an arbitrary probability distribution function (PDF) and an arbitrary correlation function. The algorithm is cosmology-independent, applicable to any stationary stochastic process over…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-16 Federico Tosone , Mark C. Neyrinck , Benjamin R. Granett , Luigi Guzzo , Nicola Vittorio

The histogram method is a powerful non-parametric approach for estimating the probability density function of a continuous variable. But the construction of a histogram, compared to the parametric approaches, demands a large number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-29 Hideaki Kim , Hiroshi Sawada

Density ratio estimation in high dimensions can be reframed as integrating a certain quantity, the time score, over probability paths which interpolate between the two densities. In practice, the time score has to be estimated based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Hanlin Yu , Arto Klami , Aapo Hyvärinen , Anna Korba , Omar Chehab

We present an algorithm to extract the distance list from atomic pair distribution functions (PDFs) in a highly automated way. The algorithm is constructed via curve fitting based on a Debye scattering equation model. Due to the non-convex…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-01-23 Ran Gu , Soham Banerjee , Qiang Du , Simon J. L. Billinge

One of the fundamental problems in machine learning is the estimation of a probability distribution from data. Many techniques have been proposed to study the structure of data, most often building around the assumption that observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-02-22 Oren Rippel , Ryan Prescott Adams

The question of optimally approximating an arbitrary probability measure in the Wasserstein distance by a discrete one with uniform weights is considered. Estimates are obtained for the optimal approximation distance, with an explicit rate…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Benjamin Seeger

We present a discussion on the methods for extracting a given parameter from measurements of hadronic data, with particular focus on determinations of the strong coupling constant. We show that when the PDF dependency on the determination…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-15 Zahari Kassabov

We consider the problem of repetitive scenario design where one has to solve repeatedly a scenario design problem and can adjust the sample size (number of scenarios) to obtain a desired level of risk (constraint violation probability). We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Guillaume O. Berger , Raphaël M. Jungers

A probabilistic circuit (PC) succinctly expresses a function that represents a multivariate probability distribution and, given sufficient structural properties of the circuit, supports efficient probabilistic inference. Typically a PC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Oliver Broadrick , William Cao , Benjie Wang , Martin Trapp , Guy Van den Broeck

We derive a simple and precise approximation to probability density functions in sampling distributions based on the Fourier cosine series. After clarifying the required conditions, we illustrate the approximation on two examples: the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Shigekazu Nakagawa , Hiroki Hashiguchi , Yoko Ono

The article derives some novel independence measures and contrast functions for Blind Source Separation (BSS) application. For the $k^{th}$ order differentiable multivariate functions with equal hyper-volumes (region bounded by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-13 Dharmani Bhaveshkumar C

Histograms are convenient non-parametric density estimators, which continue to be used ubiquitously. Summary quantities estimated from histogram-based probability density models depend on the choice of the number of bins. We introduce a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-09-17 Kevin H. Knuth

In science and engineering, we often work with models designed for accurate prediction of variables of interest. Recognizing that these models are approximations of reality, it becomes desirable to apply multiple models to the same data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Marzieh Ajirak , Daniel Waxman , Fernando Llorente , Petar M. Djuric

Most signal processing problems involve the challenging task of multidimensional probability density function (PDF) estimation. In this work, we propose a solution to this problem by using a family of Rotation-based Iterative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-02-02 Valero Laparra , Gustavo Camps-Valls , Jesús Malo

Quantization for probability distributions refers broadly to estimating a given probability measure by a discrete probability measure supported by a finite number of points. We consider general geometric approaches to quantization using…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Joseph Rosenblatt , Mrinal Kanti Roychowdhury

Probability theory has become the predominant framework for quantifying uncertainty across scientific and engineering disciplines, with a particular focus on measurement and control systems. However, the widespread reliance on simple…

We develop a method for the evaluation of extreme event statistics associated with nonlinear dynamical systems, using a small number of samples. From an initial dataset of design points, we formulate a sequential strategy that provides the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Mustafa A. Mohamad , Themistoklis P. Sapsis
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