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Recent discoveries of strongly misaligned transiting exoplanets pose a challenge to the established planet formation theory which assumes planetary systems to form and evolve in isolation. However, the fact that the majority of stars…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-01 Ingo Thies , Pavel Kroupa , Simon P. Goodwin , Dimitris Stamatellos , Anthony P. Whitworth

Free-floating planets are a new class of planets recently discovered. These planets don't orbit within stellar systems, instead living a nomadic life within the galaxy. How such objects formed remains elusive. Numerous works have explored…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-28 Gavin A. L. Coleman

Extrasolar circumbinary planets are so called because they orbit two stars instead of just one; to date, an increasing number of such planets have been discovered with a variety of techniques. If the orbital frequency of the hosting stellar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-24 Lorenzo Iorio

Many hot Jupiter (HJ) systems have been observed to have their stellar spin axis misaligned with the planet's orbital angular momentum axis. The origin of this spin-orbit misalignment and the formation mechanism of HJs remain poorly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-27 J. J. Zanazzi , Dong Lai

We calculate herein the late stages of terrestrial planet accumulation around a solar type star that has a binary companion with semimajor axis larger than the terrestrial planet region. We perform more than one hundred simulations to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Elisa V. Quintana , Fred C. Adams , Jack J. Lissauer , John E. Chambers

Many extrasolar planets follow orbits that differ from the nearly coplanar and circular orbits found in our solar system; orbits may be eccentric or inclined with respect to the host star's equator, and the population of giant planets…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-01 Eric L. N. Jensen , Rachel Akeson

The accretion of pebbles on planetary cores has been widely studied in recent years and is found to be a highly effective mechanism for planetary growth. While most studies assume planetary cores as an initial condition in their simulation,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Oliver Voelkel , Rogerio Deienno , Katherine Kretke , Hubert Klahr

Most planetary systems -- including our own -- are born within stellar clusters, where interactions with neighboring stars can help shape the system architecture. This paper develops an orbit-averaged formalism to characterize the cluster's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 Konstantin Batygin , Fred C. Adams , Yuri K. Batygin , Erik A. Petigura

While planets in the solar system only have a low inclination with respect to the ecliptic there is mounting evidence that in extrasolar systems the inclination can be very high, at least for close-in planets. One process to alter the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-09 Bertram Bitsch , Willy Kley

I present models of disk evolution around young binary stars. I show that the primary factor in determining circumbinary disk lifetimes is the rate of disk photoevaporation. I also find that photoevaporative clearing leaves a signature on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-03-06 Richard Alexander

We summarize the results of recent theoretical work on the dynamical evolution of globular clusters containing primordial binaries. Even a very small initial binary fraction (e.g., 10%) can play a key role in supporting a cluster against…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Frederic A. Rasio , John M. Fregeau , Kriten J. Joshi

We study to which extent planetesimal accretion is affected by the perturbing presence of a compagnon star. We concentrate on one crucial parameter: the distribution of encounter velocities within the planetesimal swarm. We numerically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francesco Marzari , Philippe Thebault , Steven Kortenkamp , Hans Scholl

We outline a mechanism that explains the observed lack of circumbinary planets (CBPs) via coupled stellar-tidal evolution of isolated binary stars. Tidal forces between low-mass, short-period binary stars on the pre-main sequence slow the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 David P. Fleming , Rory Barnes , David E. Graham , Rodrigo Luger , Thomas R. Quinn

The search for satellites around exoplanets represents one of the greatest challenges in advancing the characterization of planetary systems. Currently, we can only detect massive satellites, which resemble additional planetary companions…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-06 C. Lazzoni , K. W. Rice , A. Zurlo , S. Hinkley , S. Desidera

Whether binaries can harbor potentially habitable planets depends on several factors including the physical properties and the orbital characteristics of the binary system. While the former determines the location of the habitable zone…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Nader Haghighipour , Rudolf Dvorak , Elke Pilat-Lohinger

Planet formation in small-separation (~20 AU) eccentric binaries such as gamma Cephei or alpha Centauri is believed to be adversely affected by the presence of the stellar companion. Strong dynamical excitation of planetesimals by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Roman R. Rafikov , Kedron Silsbee

Although debris disks may be common in exoplanet systems, only a few systems are known in which debris disks and planets coexist. Planets and the surrounding stellar population can have a significant impact on debris disk evolution. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-28 Kai Wu , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , Rainer Spurzem , Xiaoying Pang

Most extrasolar planets currently known were discovered by means of an indirect method that measures the stellar wobble caused by the planet. We previously studied a triple system composed of a star and a nearby binary on circular coplanar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-09 M. H. M. Morais , A. C. M. Correia

The majority of stars form in star clusters and many are thought to have planetary companions. We demonstrate that multi-planet systems are prone to instabilities as a result of frequent stellar encounters in these star clusters much more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 W. Hao , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , R. Spurzem

With hydrodynamical simulations we examine the evolution of a protoplanetary disc around $\alpha$ Centauri B including the effect of the eccentric orbit binary companion $\alpha$ Centauri A. The initially circular orbit disc undergoes two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-24 Rebecca G. Martin , Jack J. Lissauer , Billy Quarles