Related papers: Thermal equilibrium and statistical thermometers i…
The isotropic Maxwell-Boltzmann (M-B) velocity distribution is the accepted standard for a gas at thermal equilibrium, with the Doppler width considered to deliver a very precise measurement of the temperature. Nevertheless, the physical…
This work assembles some basic theoretical elements on thermal equilibrium, stability conditions, and fluctuation theory in self-gravitating systems illustrated with a few examples. Thermodynamics deals with states that have settled down…
Despite the fact that the theory of mixtures has been part of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and engineering for a long time, it is far from complete. While it is well formulated and tested in the case of mechanical equilibrium (where only…
A nonequilibrium distribution function of microscopic thermal current is studied by a direct numerical simulation in a thermal conducting steady state of particle systems. Two characteristic temperatures of the thermal current are…
Superstatistics describes nonequilibrium steady states as superpositions of canonical ensembles with a probability distribution of temperatures. Rather than assume a certain distribution of temperature, recently [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.…
It has been shown previously, that the spatial thermal variation of a thermal medium can be recast as a variation in the Euclidean metric. It is now extended to temporal variations in temperature, for a non-relativistic thermal bath, which…
We present predictions for the statistical error due to finite sampling in the presence of thermal fluctuations in molecular simulation algorithms. Specifically, we establish how these errors depend on Mach number, Knudsen number, number of…
Thermodynamics provides a useful interpretation of scalar-tensor gravity, in which the effective imperfect fluid admitted by the nonminimal coupling features a temperature that is associated with the departure from general relativity.…
We show that there exists a natural way to define a condition of generalized thermal equilibrium between systems governed by Tsallis thermostatistics, under the hypotheses that i) the coupling between the systems is weak, ii) the structure…
We present a thermodynamic theory for a generic population of $M$ individuals distributed into $N$ groups (clusters). We construct the ensemble of all distributions with fixed $M$ and $N$, introduce a selection functional that embodies the…
The mathematical physics of mechanical systems in thermal equilibrium is a well studied, and relatively easy, subject, because the Gibbs distribution is in general an adequate guess for the equilibrium state. On the other hand, the…
A general expression for the temperature of a finite-dimensional quantum system is deduced from thermodynamic arguments. At equilibrium, this magnitude coincides with the standard thermodynamic temperature. Furthermore, it is well-defined…
I discuss Haldane's concept of generalised exclusion statistics (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 67}, 937, 1991) and I show that it leads to inconsistencies in the calculation of the particle distribution that maximizes the partition function. These…
A new theoretical approach to non-equilibrium statistical systems has recently been proposed by the author, a co-author and others. It is based on a variational principle which is associated with the discrepancy of a path through…
The thermodynamic maximum principle for the Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon (BGS) entropy is reconsidered by combining elements from group and measure theory. Our analysis starts by noting that the BGS entropy is a special case of relative entropy.…
We consider the thermal equilibrium distribution at inverse temperature $\beta$, or canonical ensemble, of the wave function $\Psi$ of a quantum system. Since $L^2$ spaces contain more nondifferentiable than differentiable functions, and…
Superstatistics generalizes Boltzmann statistics by assuming spatio-temporal fluctuations of the intensive variables. It has many applications in the analysis of experimental and simulated data. The fluctuation of the intensity variable is…
We extend stochastic thermodynamics by relaxing the two assumptions that the Markovian dynamics must be linear and that the equilibrium distribution must be a Boltzmann distribution. We show that if we require the second law to hold when…
We unveil a transition from single peaked to bimodal velocity distribution in a relativistic fluid under increasing temperature, in contrast with a non-relativistic gas, where only a monotonic broadening of the bell-shaped distribution is…
Understanding the rich spatial and temporal structures in nonequilibrium thermal environments is a major subject of statistical mechanics. Because universal laws, based on an ensemble of systems, are mute on an individual system, exploring…