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Related papers: Composite Interstellar Grains

200 papers

The bulk composition of the Earth is dramatically carbon poor compared to that of the interstellar medium, and this phenomenon extends to the asteroid belt. To interpret this carbon deficit problem, the carbonaceous component in grains must…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-23 Chen-En Wei , Hideko Nomura , Jeong-Eun Lee , Wing-Huen Ip , Catherine Walsh , T. J. Millar

We consider the depletion of elements from the interstellar gas onto a population of very small dust grains. Adopting a grain model in which of order 4% of the cosmic C abundance is in grains with radii <= 10 Angstroms, we find that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Joseph C. Weingartner , Bruce T. Draine

We are studying the column density distribution of all nearby giant molecular clouds. As part of this project we generated several all sky extinction maps. They are calculated using the median near infrared colour excess technique applied…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Rowles , D. Froebrich

Three dimensional interstellar extinction maps provide a powerful tool for stellar population analysis. We use data from the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea survey together with the Besan\c{c}on stellar population synthesis model of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 M. Schultheis , B. Q. Chen , B. W. Jiang , O. A. Gonzalez , R. Enokiya , Y. Fukui , K. Torii , M. Rejkuba , D. Minniti

Thermal fluctuations in the magnetization of interstellar grains will produce magnetic dipole emission at frequencies below ~100 GHz. We show how to calculate absorption and emission from small particles composed of magnetic materials. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 B. T. Draine , A. Lazarian

The purpose of the investigation is to probe the dust properties inside a molecular cloud, how particle grow and how the presence of ice coatings may change the overall shape of the extinction curve. Field stars can be used to probe the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Sven Olofsson , Göran Olofsson

We apply the time evolution of grain size distributions by accretion and coagulation found in our previous work to the modelling of the wavelength dependence of interstellar linear polarization. We especially focus on the parameters of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Nikolai V. Voshchinnikov , Hiroyuki Hirashita

In spite of accounting for only a small fraction of the mass of the Interstellar Medium (ISM), dust plays a primary role in many physical and chemical processes in the Universe. It is the main driver of extinction of radiation in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-12 G. La Mura , G. Mulas , M. A. Iatì , C. Cecchi-Pestellini , S. Rezaei , R. Saija

Dust extinction can be determined from the number of distant field galaxies seen through a spiral disk. To calibrate this number for the crowding and confusion introduced by the foreground image, Gonzalez et al.(1998) and Holwerda et al.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. W. Holwerda , R. A. Gonzalez , Ronald J. Allen , P. C. van der Kruit

We present extensive calculations on the efficiency of grain alignment by the Davis-Greenstein mechanism. We model the grains as oblate spheroids with arbitrary axis ratios. Our description of the grain dynamics includes (i) magnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-27 W. G. Roberge , A. Lazarian

It is shown that the optical properties of an irregular porous grain with effective radius $a_{\rm eff}\lesssim 3\lambda$ (where $\lambda$ is the wavelength) can be well approximated by a ``spheroidal analog'': a spheroid with appropriate…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-15 B. T. Draine

Context. High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy offers a powerful tool to investigate the physical and chemical properties of dust grains, especially through the analysis of absorption edges of elements such as oxygen, magnesium, silicon, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-28 B. Vaia , S. T. Zeegers , I. Abril-Cabezas , E. Costantini

We present a scheme for using stellar catalogues to map the three-dimensional distributions of extinction and dust within our Galaxy. Extinction is modelled as a Gaussian random field, whose covariance function is set by a simple physical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 S. E. Sale , J. Magorrian

The excess emission seen in spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is commonly used to infer the properties of the emitting circumstellar dust in protoplanetary and debris discs. Most notably, dust size distributions and details of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-16 Torsten Löhne

The cosmic dust particles found in space are mainly porous aggregates of smaller grains. Theoretically, these aggregates are replicated using fractal geometry, assuming a cluster of spheres. Although, the light scattering response of cosmic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-14 Prithish Halder , Sujan Sengupta

The possible presence of graphene in the interstellar medium (ISM) is examined by comparing the interstellar extinction curve with the ultraviolet absorption of graphene calculated from its dielectric functions experimentally obtained with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-09 Qi Li , Aigen Li , B. W. Jiang

We present a new method to constrain the grain size in protoplanetary disks with polarization observations at millimeter wavelengths. If dust grains are grown to the size comparable to the wavelengths, the dust grains are expected to have a…

We have studied the dust along the line-of-sight towards the Galactic Center using Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) data obtained with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We focussed on the wavelength region from 8-13 micron which is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 F. Kemper , W. J. Vriend , A. G. G. M. Tielens

The analysis presented in this paper verifies which of the mixing rules are best for real components of interstellar dust in possible wide range of wavelengths.The DDA method with elements of different components with various volume…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Napoleon Maron , Olaf Maron

Our current understanding of the absorption and emission properties of interstellar grains are reviewed. The constraints placed by the Kramers-Kronig relation on the wavelength-dependence and the maximum allowable quantity of the dust…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Aigen Li