Physics
Twistor theory forms the basis for many surprising advances in areas ranging from dynamical systems to quantum field theory. Yet for almost fifty years, one of the main drawbacks of twistor theory has been its inability to give…
Wigner function learning is a central tool for characterizing continuous variable quantum systems. A fundamental challenge in this setting is to infer a continuous phase-space function from sparse pointwise measurement data, a task that…
Parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are increasingly used as policies and value functions in quantum reinforcement learning, yet it remains unclear when and why quantum policies generalize. We give a PAC-Bayesian account in which…
Inverse Compton X-ray sources are laboratory-scale devices providing quasi-monochromatic synchrotron radiation which is generated by laser photons Compton-scattering off highly relativistic electrons. Since the shape and width of the X-ray…
Collective emotion is often inferred from the tone of mass media, but such emotion is not directly observed. One approximation is to extract sentiment from text and use sentiment indexes as proxies to study the temporal organization of news…
Rising energy demand from data-centre and AI applications has renewed interest in reversible computation, where logic need not dissipate heat at every step if information is uncomputed. Implementations have so far been classical: adiabatic…
We investigate the estimation of bath-induced coherence in a finite quantum system interacting with thermal reservoirs. Enhancement of coherence estimation is transient and the estimation precision totally disappears at the steady state…
Lunar PNT architectures, NASA's Lunar Augmented Navigation Service (LANS), ESA's Moonlight, and allied concepts, place a small number of satellites in elliptical lunar frozen orbits (ELFO) to serve the south-polar region prioritized for…
Computational modeling and simulation are powerful tools for the assessment of medical device performance and safety, particularly for in silico clinical trials for automated medical systems. In ventilation, where managing gas exchange,…
We formulate a symmetry-based hierarchy of strain-derived conjugate fields for ferroaxial order, and demonstrate strain-selected ferroaxial domain control using first-principles calculations. Since ferroaxial order is even under both…
Wide-field mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) imaging enables chemically specific microscopy with submicron spatial resolution but remains fundamentally limited by the trade-off between field of view, mid-infrared pulse energy, and spectral…
The Fredrickson-Andersen model with hyperparameter $K=1$ is a severely constrained kinetic lattice spin system, such that any site is temporarily blocked from changing its packing state (empty or occupied) if there is one or more occupied…
We estimate the impact of Polyakov loop (PL) contributions on electroweak phase transitions (PTs). We show that the PL, which is unavoidable in thermal gauge field theory, tends to tame thermal contributions, thereby softening electroweak…
The canonical microquasar GRS 1915+105 is exhibiting unprecedented changes in its multiwavelength properties since 2018. Recent pointed observations with NuSTAR in November 2025 have failed to detect the source at flux limits several orders…
This paper reports simultaneous measurements of the efficiencies with which $b$-jets are identified, and $c$-jets are misidentified as $b$-jets, by the single-transformer-based GN2 tagger that is currently used in the ATLAS experiment at…
Using theory, simulation, and experiment, we introduce a new class of active particle which we term doubly chiral active Brownian particles (dcABPs), which show robust topologically protected transport along boundaries without…
Bottomonium production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV is studied using a Lindblad master equation derived from potential non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (QCD), where quantum regeneration of color-singlet states is…
We derive thermodynamic and kinetic uncertainty relations valid for arbitrary currents in coherent, strongly coupled, linear systems out of equilibrium. Exploiting properties of the transport statistics, in particular fluctuation theorems,…
The Richards equation (RE) is widely used to model water flow in unsaturated soils, but its performance in persistently wet grassland systems remains uncertain. This is particularly relevant in Irish grasslands, where soils often remain…
We characterize the Tanner graph spectrum of hypergraph-product (HGP) / lifted-product (LP) codes and bivariate-bicycle (BB) codes, informing qubit routing for three-dimensional reconfigurable qubit architectures. Syndrome-extraction…