Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Angle-resolved multiphoton ionization of fenchone and camphor by short intense laser pulses is computed by the time-dependent Single Center (TDSC) method. Thereby, the photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in the three-photon resonance…
We present the derivation of the frequency dependent scalar, vector, and tensor dynamical polarizabilities for the two hyperfine levels of the 87Rb atom 5s ground state. Based on the characterization of the dynamical polarizabilities, we…
This review has two principal aims. The first of these is to provide a comprehensive overview of the applications of HNDs in the study of collections of atoms and molecules, i.e. clusters and complexes. These clusters and complexes must…
Ion-molecule reactions between clusters of H$_2$/D$_2$ and O$_2$ in liquid helium nanodroplets were initiated by electron-induced ionization (at 70 eV). Reaction products were detected by mass spectrometry and can be explained by a primary…
In this work we use magnetic deflection of V, Nb, and Ta atomic clusters to measure their magnetic moments. While only a few of the clusters show weak magnetism, all odd-numbered clusters deflect due to the presence of a single unpaired…
A set of effective electronic-only Kohn-Sham (EKS) equations are derived for the muonic molecules (containing a positively charged muon), which are completely equivalent to the coupled electronic-muonic Kohn-Sham equations derived…
We consider the positions and velocities of electrons and spinning nuclei and demonstrate that these particles harbour hidden momentum when located in an electromagnetic field. This hidden momentum is present in all atoms and molecules,…
Ultrafast X-ray imaging provides high resolution information on individual fragile specimens such as aerosols, metastable particles, superfluid quantum systems and live biospecimen, which is inaccessible with conventional imaging…
To greatly enhance output of nuclear fusion produced neutrons in a laser-initiated Coulomb explosion of Deuterium clusters, we propose to accelerate the resulting ions by a quasi-$dc$ electrical pulse to the energies where the $D^+ + D$…
Two different types of experiments were performed. In the first experiment, we studied the low-temperature condensation of vaporized graphite inside bulk liquid helium, while in the second experiment, we studied the condensation of single…
Interaction of NH$_3$$^{+}$ (ND$_3$$^{+}$) and NH$^{+}$ with a hydrocarbon-covered tungsten surface kept at room temperature and heated to 150{\deg}C and 300{\deg}C showed a series of reactions between the projectile ion and hydrocarbons…
We report the first experimental study of the attachment of multiple foreign atoms to a cationic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). The chosen PAH was coronene, C$_{24}$H$_{12}$, which was added to liquid helium nanodroplets and then…
Low energy electron attachment to mixed (H$_2$)$_x$/(O$_2$)$_y$ clusters and their deuterated analogues has been investigated for the first time. These experiments were carried out using liquid helium nanodroplets to form the clusters, and…
We report the first observation of cations, dications and trications of large clusters of adamantane. Cluster formation was initiated near 0 K in helium droplets and ionization was achieved with one or more collisions with energetic He…
Anions are formed by electron attachment to helium nanodroplets doped with N$_2$. The most prominent ion series is due to odd-numbered N$_m$$^{-}$ with 3 $\le$ m < 140. Neither N$^{-}$ nor N$_2$$^{-}$ are observed. An appearance energy of…
Helium nanodroplets are doped with cesium and molecular hydrogen and subsequently ionized by electrons. Mass spectra reveal H$_x$Cs$^{+}$ ions that contain as many as 130 hydrogen atoms. Two features in the spectra are striking: First, the…
Electron-induced chemistry in imidazole (IMI) clusters embedded in helium nanodroplets (with an average size of 2$\times$10$^5$ He atoms) has been investigated with high-resoluton time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The formation of both,…
A relation $\mathcal{M}_{\mathrm{SHS}\to\mathrm{LJ}}$ between the set of non-isomorphic sticky hard sphere clusters $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{SHS}$ and the sets of local energy minima $\mathcal{M}_{LJ}$ of the $(m,n)$-Lennard-Jones potential…
Nuclear recoil corrections of order $\alpha^6\,m^2/M$ are calculated for the lowest-lying triplet states of the helium atom. It improves the theoretical prediction for the isotope shift of the $2^3S-2^3P$ transition energy and influences…
In this work, our statements are based on the progress of current research on superatomic clusters. Combining the new trend of materials and device manufacture at the atomic level, we analyzed the opportunities for the development based on…