English

Weighted $L^2$ theory for the Euclidean Dirac operator in higher dimensions

Complex Variables 2026-04-13 v2 Analysis of PDEs

Abstract

We study weighted L2L^{2} solvability for the Euclidean Dirac operator in dimensions n3n\ge 3. We prove that, on the exterior domain RnB(0,1)\mathbb{R}^{n}\setminus\overline{B(0,1)} with logarithmic weight φ=nlogx\varphi=n\log|x|, no higher-dimensional analogue of the two-dimensional H\"ormander estimate can be controlled solely by Δφ\Delta\varphi; we then establish weighted solvability for the weights xm|x|^{m} with m0m\neq 0, for the quadratic weight x12x_{1}^{2}, and for sufficiently small anisotropic perturbations of the Gaussian weight, with sharp constant 1/41/4 in the Gaussian case. The obstruction arises because, in dimensions n3n\ge 3, the classical weighted identity is coercive only under a structural relation between Δφ\Delta\varphi and φ2|\nabla\varphi|^{2}, a condition that excludes the Gaussian weight and many polynomial weights. The method is based on a weighted identity for the conjugated unknown U:=ueφ/2U:=ue^{-\varphi/2}, together with suitable scalar and Clifford-valued multipliers; this identity yields the required coercive estimates and also gives weighted L2L^{2} solvability for the Poisson equation through the factorization Δ=D2\Delta=-D^{2}.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.04504,
  title  = {Weighted $L^2$ theory for the Euclidean Dirac operator in higher dimensions},
  author = {Guangbin Ren and Yuchen Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.04504},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:55:03.671Z