Locally-gated single-layer graphene sheets have unusual discrete energy states inside the potential barrier induced by a finite-width gate. These states are localized outside the Dirac cone of continuum states and are responsible for novel quantum transport phenomena. Specifically, the longitudinal (along the barrier) conductance exhibits oscillations as a function of barrier height and/or width, which are both controlled by a nearby gate. The origin of these oscillations can be traced back to singularities in the density of localized states. These graphene conductance-oscillations resemble the Shubnikov-de-Haas (SdH) magneto-oscillations; however, here these are driven by an electric field instead of a magnetic field.
@article{arxiv.0903.0078,
title = {Voltage-driven quantum oscillations of conductance in graphene},
author = {V. A. Yampol'skii and S. S. Apostolov and Z. A. Maizelis and Alex Levchenko and Franco Nori},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:0903.0078},
year = {2009}
}