English

Unbalanced signed bipartite graphs containing no negative $C_4$ with maximum spectral radius

Combinatorics 2026-04-17 v1

Abstract

A signed graph (G,σ)(G,\sigma) is a graph GG together with an assignment σ\sigma of either a positive sign or a negative sign to each edge. A signed graph is unbalanced if it contains a cycle with odd number of negative edges. The spectral radius of a signed graph is the spectral radius of its adjacency matrix, in which for vertices u,vu,v, the (u,v)(u,v)-entry is 00, 1-1, or 11 depending on whether uvuv represents no edge, a negative edge, or a positive edge, respectively. Recently, Conde, Dratman and Grippo [Discrete Math. 349 (2026) 114942] proved that there is only one unbalanced signed bipartite graph with maximum spectral radius, up to switching isomorphism. In this paper, we establish a spectral Tur\'an type results for signed bipartite graphs. More precisely, we determine the unique graphs containing no negative cycles of length four with maximum spectral radius, up to switching isomorphism, among unbalanced signed bipartite graphs with fixed bipartite sizes and order, respectively.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.14673,
  title  = {Unbalanced signed bipartite graphs containing no negative $C_4$ with maximum spectral radius},
  author = {Yiting Cai and Hongying Lin and Bo Zhou},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.14673},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T12:12:06.849Z