We present a system that enables real-time interaction between human users and agents trained to control fighter jets in simulated 3D air combat scenarios. The agents are trained in a dedicated environment using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning. A communication link is developed to allow seamless deployment of trained agents into VR-Forces, a widely used defense simulation tool for realistic tactical scenarios. This integration allows mixed simulations where human-controlled entities engage with intelligent agents exhibiting distinct combat behaviors. Our interaction model creates new opportunities for human-agent teaming, immersive training, and the exploration of innovative tactics in defense contexts.
@article{arxiv.2509.26002,
title = {Towards Human Engagement with Realistic AI Combat Pilots},
author = {Ardian Selmonaj and Giacomo Del Rio and Adrian Schneider and Alessandro Antonucci},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.26002},
year = {2025}
}
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13th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction (HAI) 2025