English

The Typical-State Paradox: Diagnosing Horizons with Complexity

High Energy Physics - Theory 2016-12-21 v1 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Quantum Physics

Abstract

The concept of transparent and opaque horizons is defined. One example of opaqueness is the presence of a firewall. Two apparently contradictory statements are reconciled: The overwhelming number of black hole states have opaque horizons; and: All black holes formed by natural processes have transparent horizons. A diagnostic is proposed for transparency, namely that the computational complexity of the state be increasing with time. It is shown that opaque horizons are extremely unstable and that the slightest perturbation will make them transparent within a scrambling time.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1507.02287,
  title  = {The Typical-State Paradox: Diagnosing Horizons with Complexity},
  author = {Leonard Susskind},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1507.02287},
  year   = {2016}
}

Comments

18 pages, 7 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-22T10:08:18.029Z