English

The Orbital Architecture of Qatar-6: A Fully Aligned 3-Body System?

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics 2023-02-01 v2 Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Abstract

The evolutionary history of an extrasolar system is, in part, fossilized through its planets' orbital orientations relative to the host star's spin axis. However, spin-orbit constraints for warm Jupiters -- particularly in binary star systems, which are amenable to a wide range of dynamical processes -- are relatively scarce. We report a measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, observed with the Keck/HIRES spectrograph, across the transit of Qatar-6 A b: a warm Jupiter orbiting one star within a binary system. From this measurement, we obtain a sky-projected spin-orbit angle λ=0.1±2.6\lambda={0.1\pm2.6}^{\circ}. Combining this new constraint with the stellar rotational velocity of Qatar-6 A that we measure from TESS photometry, we derive a true obliquity ψ=21.8218.36+8.86\psi={21.82^{+8.86}_{-18.36}}^{\circ} -- consistent with near-exact alignment. We also leverage astrometric data from Gaia DR3 to show that the Qatar-6 binary star system is edge-on (iB=90.171.06+1.07i_{B}={90.17^{+1.07}_{-1.06}}^{\circ}), such that the stellar binary and the transiting exoplanet orbit exhibit line-of-sight orbit-orbit alignment. Ultimately, we demonstrate that all current constraints for the 3-body Qatar-6 system are consistent with both spin-orbit and orbit-orbit alignment. High-precision measurements of the projected stellar spin rate of the host star and the sky-plane geometry of the transit relative to the binary plane are required to conclusively verify the full 3D configuration of the system.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2212.02542,
  title  = {The Orbital Architecture of Qatar-6: A Fully Aligned 3-Body System?},
  author = {Malena Rice and Songhu Wang and Konstantin Gerbig and Xian-Yu Wang and Fei Dai and Dakotah Tyler and Howard Isaacson and Andrew W. Howard},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.02542},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

17 pages, 7 figures, accepted to AJ