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Although close-orbiting, massive exoplanets -- known as hot and warm Jupiters -- are among the most observationally accessible known planets, their formation pathways are still not universally agreed upon. One method to constrain the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-10 Josette Wright , Malena Rice , Xian-Yu Wang , Kyle Hixenbaugh , Songhu Wang

Contrary to the orthodox picture of planet formation resulting in a neatly ordered Solar System, exoplanet systems exhibit highly diverse orbits: short and long periods, circular and eccentric, well- and misaligned, and even retrograde…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 E. Knudstrup , S. Albrecht

For transiting planets, the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect allows the measurement of the sky-projected angle beta between the stellar rotation axis and a planet's orbital axis. Using the HARPS spectrograph, we observed the Rossiter-McLaughlin…

We determine the stellar, planetary, and orbital properties of the transiting planetary system HD 209458, through a joint analysis of high-precision radial velocities, photometry, and timing of the secondary eclipse. Of primary interest is…

We have measured the alignment between the orbit of HATS-3b (a recently discovered, slightly inflated Hot Jupiter) and the spin-axis of its host star. Data were obtained using the CYCLOPS2 optical-fiber bundle and its simultaneous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 B. C. Addison , C. G. Tinney , D. J. Wright , D. Bayliss

Hot-Jupiter planets must form at large separations from their host stars where the temperatures are cool enough for their cores to condense. They then migrate inwards to their current observed orbital separations. Different theories of how…

We measure the angle between the planetary orbit and the stellar rotation axis in the transiting planetary system CoRoT-1, with new HIRES/Keck and FORS/VLT high-accuracy photometry. The data indicate a highly tilted system, with a projected…

The transiting extrasolar planet XO-3b is remarkable, with a high mass and eccentric orbit. The unusual characteristics make it interesting to test whether its orbital plane is parallel to the equator of its host star, as it is observed for…

Observing the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect during a planetary transit allows the determination of the angle $\lambda$ between the sky projections of the star's spin axis and the planet's orbital axis. Such observations have revealed a large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-04 Simon H. Albrecht , Marcus L. Marcussen , Joshua N. Winn , Rebekah I. Dawson , Emil Knudstrup

We have measured the sky-projected spin-orbit alignments for three transiting Hot Jupiters, WASP-103b, WASP-87b, and WASP-66b, using spectroscopic measurements of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, with the CYCLOPS2 optical-fiber bundle system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 B. C. Addison , C. G. Tinney , D. J. Wright , D. Bayliss

We present high precision radial velocity observations of HD17156 during a transit of its eccentric Jovian planet. In these data, we detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, which is an apparent perturbation in the velocity of the star due to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 William D. Cochran , Seth Redfield , Michael Endl , Anita L. Cochran

We present new spectroscopic and photometric observations of the HAT-P-1 planetary system. Spectra obtained during three transits exhibit the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, allowing us to measure the angle between the sky projections of the…

We present an observation of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for the planetary system WASP-3. Radial velocity measurements were made during transit using the SOPHIE spectrograph at the 1.93m telescope at Haute-Provence Observatory. The shape…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 E. K. Simpson , D. Pollacco , G. Hebrard , N. P. Gibson , S. C. C. Barros , F. Bouchy , A. Collier Cameron , I. Boisse , C. A. Watson , F. P. Keenan

Through the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, several hot Jupiters have been found to exhibit spin-orbit misalignment, and even retrograde orbits. The high obliquity observed in these planets can be attributed to two primary formation mechanisms,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 Huan-rong Yuan , Ying Wang , Xin Wu , Ji-wei Xie , Hui-gen Liu , Ji-lin Zhou , Wei Sun

Measuring the obliquity distribution of stars hosting warm Jupiters may help us to understand the formation of close-orbiting gas giants. Few such measurements have been performed due to practical difficulties in scheduling observations of…

The mechanisms responsible for generating spin-orbit misalignments in exoplanetary systems are still not fully understood. It is unclear whether these misalignments are related to the migration of hot Jupiters or are a consequence of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-14 Kyle Hixenbaugh , Xian-Yu Wang , Malena Rice , Songhu Wang

We present new spectroscopic and photometric observations of the transiting exoplanetary system WASP-3. Spectra obtained during two separate transits exhibit the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect and allow us to estimate the sky-projected…

We present spectroscopy of a transit of the exoplanet HD 189733b. By modeling the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect (the anomalous Doppler shift due to the partial eclipse of the rotating stellar surface), we find the angle between the sky…

Of the 26 transiting exoplanet systems with measurements of the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect, eight have now been found to be significantly spin-orbit misaligned in the plane of the sky. Unfortunately, the RM effect only measures the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Kevin C. Schlaufman
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