English

The Graphs of Planar Soap Bubbles

Discrete Mathematics 2012-07-17 v1 Computational Geometry Metric Geometry

Abstract

We characterize the graphs formed by two-dimensional soap bubbles as being exactly the 3-regular bridgeless planar multigraphs. Our characterization combines a local characterization of soap bubble graphs in terms of the curvatures of arcs meeting at common vertices, a proof that this characterization remains invariant under Moebius transformations, an application of Moebius invariance to prove bridgelessness, and a Moebius-invariant power diagram of circles previously developed by the author for its applications in graph drawing.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1207.3761,
  title  = {The Graphs of Planar Soap Bubbles},
  author = {David Eppstein},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1207.3761},
  year   = {2012}
}

Comments

16 pages, 9 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-21T21:36:26.834Z