English

The cosmological simulation code $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0$

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2022-11-07 v2 Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

Abstract

We present version 1.0 of the cosmological simulation code CONCEPT\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}, designed for simulations of large-scale structure formation. CONCEPT1.0\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0 contains a P3^3M gravity solver, with the short-range part implemented using a novel (sub)tiling strategy, coupled with individual and adaptive particle time-stepping. A primary objective of CONCEPT\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT} is ease of use. To this end, it has built-in initial condition generation and can produce output in the form of snapshots, power spectra and direct visualisations. CONCEPT\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT} is the first massively parallel cosmological simulation code written in Python. Despite of this, excellent performance is obtained, even comparing favourably to other codes such as GADGET\scriptstyle{\rm GADGET} at similar precision, in the case of low to moderate clustering. By means of power spectrum comparisons we find extraordinary good agreement between CONCEPT1.0\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0 and GADGET\scriptstyle{\rm GADGET}. At large and intermediate scales the codes agree to well below the per mille level, while the agreement at the smallest scales probed (k13h/Mpck \sim 13\, h/{\rm Mpc}) is of the order of 1%1\, \%. The CONCEPT\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT} code is openly released and comes with a robust installation script as well as thorough documentation.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2112.01508,
  title  = {The cosmological simulation code $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0$},
  author = {Jeppe Dakin and Steen Hannestad and Thomas Tram},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.01508},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

Matches the published MNRAS version. 27 pages, 13 figures. For the code, see https://github.com/jmd-dk/concept

R2 v1 2026-06-24T08:02:12.686Z