English

The Algebraic Structure Underlying Pole-Skipping Points

High Energy Physics - Theory 2026-02-16 v3

Abstract

The holographic Green's function becomes ambiguous, taking the indeterminate form `0/00/0', at an infinite set of special frequencies and momenta known as ``pole-skipping points''. In this work, we propose that these pole-skipping points can be used to reconstruct both the interior and exterior geometry of a static, planar-symmetric black hole in the bulk. The entire reconstruction procedure is fully analytical and only involves solving a system of linear equations. We demonstrate its effectiveness across various backgrounds, including the BTZ black hole, its TTˉT\bar{T}-deformed counterparts, as well as geometries with Lifshitz scaling and hyperscaling-violation. Within this framework, other geometric quantities, such as the vacuum Einstein equations, can also be reinterpreted directly in terms of pole-skipping data. Moreover, our approach reveals a hidden algebraic structure governing the pole-skipping points of Klein-Gordon equations of the form (2+V(r))ϕ(r)=0(\nabla^{2} + V(r))\phi(r) = 0: only a subset of these points is independent, while the remainder is constrained by an equal number of homogeneous polynomial identities in the pole-skipping momenta. These identities are universal, as confirmed by their validity across a broad class of bulk geometries with varying dimensionality, boundary asymptotics, and perturbation modes.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.13306,
  title  = {The Algebraic Structure Underlying Pole-Skipping Points},
  author = {Zhenkang Lu and Cheng Ran and Shao-feng Wu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.13306},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

49 pages, 4 figures, v2: minor corrections, v3: publish version

R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:06:30.654Z