English

The 3x+1 Semigroup

Number Theory 2007-05-23 v2 Dynamical Systems

Abstract

The 3x+1 semigroup is the multiplicative semigroup generated by the rational numbers of form (2k+1)/(3k+2) for non-negative k, together with 2. This semigroup encodes backward iteration under the 3x+1 map, and the 3x+1 conjecture implies that it contains every positive integer. We prove this is the case, and show that this semigroup consists of all positive rational numbers a/b such that 3 does not divide b.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.math/0411140,
  title  = {The 3x+1 Semigroup},
  author = {David Applegate and Jeffrey C. Lagarias},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:math/0411140},
  year   = {2007}
}

Comments

16 pages, latex; minor changes