Strongly Solving $7 \times 6$ Connect-Four on Consumer Grade Hardware
Artificial Intelligence
2025-07-09 v1
Abstract
While the game Connect-Four has been solved mathematically and the best move can be effectively computed with search based methods, a strong solution in the form of a look-up table was believed to be infeasible. In this paper, we revisit a symbolic search method based on binary decision diagrams to produce strong solutions. With our efficient implementation we were able to produce a 89.6 GB large look-up table in 47 hours on a single CPU core with 128 GB main memory for the standard board size. In addition to this win-draw-loss evaluation, we include an alpha-beta search in our open source artifact to find the move which achieves the fastest win or slowest loss.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.05267,
title = {Strongly Solving $7 \times 6$ Connect-Four on Consumer Grade Hardware},
author = {Markus Böck},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.05267},
year = {2025}
}