English

Statics and diffusive dynamics of surfaces driven by $p$-atic topological defects

Soft Condensed Matter 2023-03-02 v1 Biological Physics

Abstract

Inspired by epithelial morphogenesis, we consider a minimal model for the shaping of a surface driven by pp-atic topological defects. We show that a positive (negative) defect can dynamically generate a (hyperbolic) cone whose shape evolves diffusively, and predict that a defect of charge +1/p+1/p leads to a final semi-cone angle β\beta which satisfies the inequality sinβ11p+12p2\sin\beta \ge 1 - \frac{1}{p} + \frac{1}{2p^2}. By exploiting the fact that for axisymmetric surfaces, the extrinsic geometry is tightly coupled to the intrinsic geometry, we further show that the resulting stationary shape of a membrane with negligible bending modulus and embedded polar order is a deformed lemon with two defects at antipodal points. Finally, we close by pointing out that our results may be relevant beyond epithelial morphogenesis in such contexts as shape transitions in macroscopic closed spheroidal surfaces such as pollen grains.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2303.00007,
  title  = {Statics and diffusive dynamics of surfaces driven by $p$-atic topological defects},
  author = {Farzan Vafa and L. Mahadevan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.00007},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

12 pages, 5 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T08:52:18.590Z