Sign stability of mapping classes on marked surfaces II: general case via reductions

We give a cluster algebraic description of the reduction procedure of mapping classes along a multicurve. Based on this description, we characterize pseudo-Anosov mapping classes on a general marked surface in terms of a weaker version of the uniform sign stability, generalizing the main result in the previous paper [IK20]. Moreover we axiomatize a general reduction procedure of mutation loops parametrized by a rational polyhedral cone in the tropical cluster $\mathcal{X}$-variety, which includes both the reduction along a multicurve and the cluster reduction introduced in [Ish19].