English

Rings with 2-$\Delta$U property

Rings and Algebras 2025-01-10 v1 Representation Theory

Abstract

Rings in which the square of each unit lies in 1+Δ(R)1+\Delta(R), are said to be 22-ΔU\Delta U, where J(R)Δ(R)=:{rRr+U(R)U(R)}J(R)\subseteq\Delta(R) =: \{r \in R | r + U(R) \subseteq U(R)\}. The set Δ(R)\Delta (R) is the largest Jacobson radical subring of RR which is closed with respect to multiplication by units of RR and is studied in \cite{2}. The class of 22-ΔU\Delta U rings consists several rings including UJUJ-rings, 22-UJUJ rings and ΔU\Delta U-rings, and we observe that ΔU\Delta U-rings are UUCUUC. The structure of 22-ΔU\Delta U rings is studied under various conditions. Moreover, the 22-ΔU\Delta U property is studied under some algebraic constructions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2501.04720,
  title  = {Rings with 2-$\Delta$U property},
  author = {Omid Hasanzadeh and Ahmad Moussavi and Peter Danchev},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.04720},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

18 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2411.09416

R2 v1 2026-06-28T21:00:14.014Z