Plasmonic nonvolatile memory crossbar arrays for artificial neural networks

Here it is proposed a three-dimensional plasmonic nonvolatile memory crossbar arrays that can ensure a dual-mode operation in electrical and optical domains. This can be realized through plasmonics that serves as a bridge between photonics and electronics as the metal electrode is part of the waveguide. The proposed arrangement is based on low-loss long-range dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide where a metal stripe is placed between a buffer layer and ridge. To achieve a dual-mode operation the materials were defined that can provide both electrical and optical modulation functionality.