English

Packing Squares in a Torus

Statistical Mechanics 2012-03-20 v2

Abstract

The densest packings of N unit squares in a torus are studied using analytical methods as well as simulated annealing. A rich array of dense packing solutions are found: density-one packings when N is the sum of two square integers; a family of "gapped bricklayer" Bravais lattice solutions with density N/(N+1); and some surprising non-Bravais lattice configurations, including lattices of holes as well as a configuration for N=23 in which not all squares share the same orientation. The entropy of some of these configurations and the frequency and orientation of density-one solutions as N goes to infinity are discussed.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1110.5348,
  title  = {Packing Squares in a Torus},
  author = {Don Blair and Christian D. Santangelo and Jon Machta},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1110.5348},
  year   = {2012}
}

Comments

14 pages, 9 figures; v2 reflects minor changes in published version

R2 v1 2026-06-21T19:24:57.744Z