Orthogonal sequences constructed from quasi-orthogonal ultraspherical polynomials
Classical Analysis and ODEs
2019-05-13 v1
Abstract
Let {xk,n−1}k=1n−1 and {xk,n}k=1n, n∈N, be two sets of real, distinct points satisfying the interlacing property xi,n<xi,n−1<xi+1,n,i=1,2,…,n−1. Wendroff proved that if pn−1(x)=k=1∏n−1(x−xk,n−1) and pn(x)=k=1∏n(x−xk,n), then pn−1 and pn can be embedded in a non-unique monic orthogonal sequence {pn}n=0∞. We investigate a question raised by Mourad Ismail at OPSFA 2015 as to the nature and properties of orthogonal sequences generated by applying Wendroff's Theorem to the interlacing zeros of Cn−1λ(x) and (x2−1)Cn−2λ(x), where {Ckλ(x)}k=0∞ is a sequence of monic ultraspherical polynomials and −3/2<λ<−1/2, λ=−1. We construct an algorithm for generating infinite monic orthogonal sequences {Dkλ(x)}k=0∞ from the two polynomials Dnλ(x):=(x2−1)Cn−2λ(x) and Dn−1λ(x):=Cn−1λ(x), which is applicable for each pair of fixed parameters n,λ in the ranges n∈N,n≥5 and λ>−3/2, λ=−1,0,(2k−1)/2,k=0,1,…. We plot and compare the zeros of Dmλ(x) and Cmλ(x) for several choices of m∈N and a range of values of the parameters λ and n. For −3/2<λ<−1, the curves that the zeros of Dmλ(x) and Cmλ(x) approach are substantially different for large values of m. When −1<λ<−1/2, the two curves have a similar shape while the curves are almost identical for λ>−1/2.
Cite
@article{arxiv.1905.04276,
title = {Orthogonal sequences constructed from quasi-orthogonal ultraspherical polynomials},
author = {Oksana Bihun and Kathy Driver},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.04276},
year = {2019}
}