Optimizing the potential of KM3NeT in detecting core-collapse supernovae
Abstract
Core-collapse supernovae mark the end of life of massive stars. However, despite their importance in astrophysics, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Neutrinos that emerge from the dense core of the star offer a promising way to study supernova dynamics. A strategy is presented to improve the potential of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope to detect core-collapse supernovae in our Galaxy or the Large Magellanic Cloud by further exploiting the properties of its optical modules equipped with multiple photomultipliers. A supernova burst is expected to produce a sudden hit rate increase in the KM3NeT detectors. New observables have been defined for individual optical modules that exploit the geometry and time distribution of the detected hits, enabling a better discrimination between signal and background signatures. In addition, a thorough investigation of the related systematic uncertainties is presented for the first time. When implemented, this new methodology allowed KM3NeT to probe 46% more Galactic core-collapse supernova candidates than with the previous trigger strategy, reaching the dense Galactic bulge. It is now expected that, once completed, KM3NeT will achieve full Galactic sensitivity to core-collapse supernovae.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2511.18565,
title = {Optimizing the potential of KM3NeT in detecting core-collapse supernovae},
author = {KM3NeT Collaboration and O. Adriani and A. Albert and A. R. Alhebsi and S. Alshalloudi and M. Alshamsi and S. Alves Garre and F. Ameli and M. Andre and L. Aphecetche and M. Ardid and S. Ardid and J. Aublin and F. Badaracco and L. Bailly-Salins and B. Baret and A. Bariego-Quintana and Y. Becherini and M. Bendahman and F. Benfenati Gualandi and M. Benhassi and D. M. Benoit and Z. Beňušová and E. Berbee and E. Berti and V. Bertin and P. Betti and S. Biagi and M. Boettcher and D. Bonanno and M. Bondì and S. Bottai and A. B. Bouasla and J. Boumaaza and M. Bouta and M. Bouwhuis and C. Bozza and R. M. Bozza and H. Brânzaš and F. Bretaudeau and M. Breuhaus and R. Bruijn and J. Brunner and R. Bruno and E. Buis and R. Buompane and I. Burriel and J. Busto and B. Caiffi and D. Calvo and A. Capone and F. Carenini and V. Carretero and T. Cartraud and P. Castaldi and V. Cecchini and S. Celli and L. Cerisy and M. Chabab and A. Chen and S. Cherubini and T. Chiarusi and W. Chung and M. Circella and R. Clark and R. Cocimano and J. A. B. Coelho and A. Coleiro and A. Condorelli and R. Coniglione and P. Coyle and A. Creusot and G. Cuttone and R. Dallier and A. De Benedittis and G. De Wasseige and V. Decoene and P. Deguire and I. Del Rosso and L. S. Di Mauro and I. Di Palma and A. F. Díaz and D. Diego-Tortosa and C. Distefano and A. Domi and C. Donzaud and D. Dornic and E. Drakopoulou and D. Drouhin and J. -G. Ducoin and P. Duverne and R. Dvornický and T. Eberl and E. Eckerová and A. Eddymaoui and T. van Eeden and M. Eff and D. van Eijk and I. El Bojaddaini and S. El Hedri and S. El Mentawi and V. Ellajosyula and A. Enzenhöfer and M. Farino and G. Ferrara and M. D. Filipović and F. Filippini and D. Franciotti and L. A. Fusco and T. Gal and J. García Méndez and A. Garcia Soto and C. Gatius Oliver and N. Geißelbrecht and E. Genton and H. Ghaddari and L. Gialanella and B. K. Gibson and E. Giorgio and I. Goos and P. Goswami and S. R. Gozzini and R. Gracia and B. Guillon and C. Haack and C. Hanna and H. van Haren and E. Hazelton and A. Heijboer and L. Hennig and J. J. Hernández-Rey and A. Idrissi and W. Idrissi Ibnsalih and G. Illuminati and R. Jaimes and O. Janik and D. Joly and M. de Jong and P. de Jong and B. J. Jung and P. Kalaczyński and U. F. Katz and J. Keegans and V. Kikvadze and G. Kistauri and C. Kopper and A. Kouchner and Y. Y. Kovalev and L. Krupa and V. Kueviakoe and V. Kulikovskiy and R. Kvatadze and M. Labalme and R. Lahmann and M. Lamoureux and A. Langella and G. Larosa and C. Lastoria and J. Lazar and A. Lazo and G. Lehaut and V. Lemaître and E. Leonora and N. Lessing and G. Levi and M. Lindsey Clark and F. Longhitano and S. Madarapu and F. Magnani and L. Malerba and F. Mamedov and A. Manfreda and A. Manousakis and M. Marconi and A. Margiotta and A. Marinelli and C. Markou and L. Martin and M. Mastrodicasa and S. Mastroianni and J. Mauro and K. C. K. Mehta and G. Miele and P. Migliozzi and E. Migneco and M. L. Mitsou and C. M. Mollo and L. Morales-Gallegos and N. Mori and A. Moussa and I. Mozun Mateo and R. Muller and M. R. Musone and M. Musumeci and S. Navas and A. Nayerhoda and C. A. Nicolau and B. Nkosi and B. Ó Fearraigh and V. Oliviero and A. Orlando and E. Oukacha and L. Pacini and D. Paesani and J. Palacios González and G. Papalashvili and P. Papini and V. Parisi and A. Parmar and C. Pastore and A. M. Păun and G. E. Păvălaš and S. Peña Martínez and M. Perrin-Terrin and V. Pestel and M. Petropavlova and P. Piattelli and A. Plavin and C. Poirè and V. Popa and T. Pradier and J. Prado and S. Pulvirenti and C. A. Quiroz-Rangel and N. Randazzo and A. Ratnani and S. Razzaque and I. C. Rea and D. Real and G. Riccobene and J. Robinson and A. Romanov and E. Ros and A. Šaina and F. Salesa Greus and D. F. E. Samtleben and A. Sánchez Losa and S. Sanfilippo and M. Sanguineti and D. Santonocito and P. Sapienza and M. Scaringella and M. Scarnera and J. Schnabel and J. Schumann and J. Seneca and P. A. Sevle Myhr and I. Sgura and R. Shanidze and Chengyu Shao and A. Sharma and Y. Shitov and F. Šimkovic and A. Simonelli and A. Sinopoulou and B. Spisso and M. Spurio and O. Starodubtsev and D. Stavropoulos and I. Štekl and D. Stocco and M. Taiuti and Y. Tayalati and H. Thiersen and S. Thoudam and I. Tosta e Melo and B. Trocmé and V. Tsourapis and C. Tully and E. Tzamariudaki and A. Ukleja and A. Vacheret and V. Valsecchi and V. Van Elewyck and G. Vannoye and E. Vannuccini and G. Vasileiadis and F. Vazquez de Sola and A. Veutro and S. Viola and D. Vivolo and A. van Vliet and E. de Wolf and I. Lhenry-Yvon and S. Zavatarelli and D. Zito and J. D. Zornoza and J. Zúñiga},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.18565},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
24 pages, 11 figures