English

On the sparsity of integers $a$ in solutions to $a!b!=c!$

Number Theory 2025-12-04 v1

Abstract

We consider the Diophantine equation a!b!=c! a!b! = c! due to Erd\H{o}s, where we assume aba \leq b. It is widely believed that there are only finitely many nontrivial solutions, and considerable work has been dedicated to showing this. In one direction, Luca (2007) showed that the set of cc's which can appear in solutions has density zero. Here we show that the set of aa's appearing in solutions is also sparse. In particular, aa cannot be one less than a large fraction of primes, and, under the assumption that a!kmod1\sqrt[k]{a!} \mod 1 is equidistributed in an appropriate sense, we show that the set of such aa has asymptotic density zero.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.03188,
  title  = {On the sparsity of integers $a$ in solutions to $a!b!=c!$},
  author = {Joshua Cooper and Joseph Preuss},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.03188},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

8 pages, 0 figures