English

On non-uniqueness for the system $\bu_t+(\bu\cdot\nabla)\bu=\mu\Delta{\bf u}$

Analysis of PDEs 2025-12-24 v1

Abstract

Explicit irrotational solutions, obtained via the Cole-Hopf transform from the multi-d heat equation, give examples of non-uniqueness for the Cauchy problem in supercritical LpL^p, W1,pW^{1,p}, and W2,pW^{2,p} regimes. We verify non-uniqueness of the trivial solution in the sense of Lp(\RRn)L^p(\RR^n), whenever n2n\geq2 and 1p<n1\leq p<n. The same solutions give non-uniqueness in W1,p(\RRn)W^{1,p}(\RR^n) and W2,p(\RRn)W^{2,p}(\RR^n) for 1p<n21\leq p<\frac{n}{2} and 1p<n31\leq p<\frac{n}{3}, respectively. The main example provides solutions which are classical for strictly positive times, and vanish in the stated norms, but explode in L(\RRn)L^\infty(\RR^n), as t0+t\to0+. The non-uniqueness is unrelated to the Tikhonov non-uniqueness phenomenon for the heat equation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.19878,
  title  = {On non-uniqueness for the system $\bu_t+(\bu\cdot\nabla)\bu=\mu\Delta{\bf u}$},
  author = {Helge Kristian Jenssen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.19878},
  year   = {2025}
}