English

On list extensions of the majority edge colourings

Combinatorics 2025-02-19 v1

Abstract

We investigate possible list extensions of generalised majority edge colourings of graphs and provide several results concerning these. Given a graph G=(V,E)G=(V,E), a list assignment L:E2CL:E\to 2^C and some level of majority tolerance α(0,1)\alpha\in(0,1), an α\alpha-majority LL-colouring of GG is a colouring ω:EC\omega:E\to C from the given lists such that for every vVv\in V and each cCc\in C, the number of edges coloured cc which are incident with vv does not exceed αd(v)\alpha\cdot d(v). We present a simple argument implying that for every integer k2k\geq 2, each graph with minimum degree δ2k22k\delta\geq 2k^2-2k admits a 1/k1/k-majority LL-colouring from any assignment of lists of size k+1k+1. This almost matches the best result in a non-list setting and solves a conjecture posed for the basic majority edge colourings, i.e. for k=2k=2, from lists. We further discuss restrictions which permit obtaining corresponding results in a more general setting, i.e. for diversified α=α(c)\alpha=\alpha(c) majority tolerances for distinct colours cCc\in C. Consider a list assignment L:E2CL:E\to 2^C with cL(e)α(c)1+ε\sum_{c\in L(e)}\alpha(c)\geq 1+\varepsilon for each edge ee, and suppose that α(c)a\alpha(c)\geq a for every cc or L(e)|L(e)|\leq\ell for all edges ee, where a(0,1)a\in(0,1), ε>0\varepsilon>0, N\ell\in\mathbb{N} are any given constants. Then we in particular show that there exists an α\alpha-majority LL-colouring of GG from any such list assignment, provided that δ(G)=Ω(a1ε2ln(aε)1)\delta(G)=\Omega(a^{-1}\varepsilon^{-2}\ln(a\varepsilon)^{-1}) or δ=Ω(2ε2)\delta=\Omega(\ell^2\varepsilon^{-2}), respectively. We also strengthen these bounds within a setting where each edge is associated to a list of colours with a fixed vector of majority tolerances, applicable also in a general non-list case.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2502.12688,
  title  = {On list extensions of the majority edge colourings},
  author = {Paweł Pękała and Jakub Przybyło},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.12688},
  year   = {2025}
}

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30 pages