English

On $d$-distance $p$-packing domination number in strong products

Combinatorics 2025-10-06 v1

Abstract

The dd-distance pp-packing domination number γdp(G)\gamma_d^p(G) of a graph GG is the cardinality of a smallest set of vertices of GG which is both a dd-distance dominating set and a pp-packing. If no such set exists, then we set γdp(G)=\gamma_d^p(G) = \infty. For an arbitrary strong product GHG\boxtimes H it is proved that γdp(GH)γdp(G)γdp(H)\gamma_d^p(G\boxtimes H) \le \gamma_d^p(G) \gamma_d^p(H). By proving that γdp(PmPn)=m2d+1n2d+1\gamma_d^p(P_m \boxtimes P_n) = \left \lceil \frac{m}{2d+1} \right \rceil \left \lceil \frac{n}{2d+1} \right \rceil, and that if γdp(Cn)<\gamma_d^p(C_n) < \infty, then γdp(PmCn)=m2d+1n2d+1\gamma_d^p(P_m \boxtimes C_n) = \left \lceil \frac{m}{2d+1} \right \rceil \left \lceil \frac{n}{2d+1} \right \rceil, the sharpness of the upper bound is demonstrated. On the other hand, infinite families of strong toruses are presented for which the strict inequality holds. For instance, we present strong toruses with difference 22 and demonstrate that the difference can be arbitrarily large if only one factor is a cycle. It is also conjectured that if γdp(G)=\gamma_d^p(G) = \infty, then γdp(GH)=\gamma_d^p(G\boxtimes H) = \infty for every graph HH. Several results are proved which support the conjecture, in particular, if γdp(Cm)=\gamma_d^p(C_m)= \infty, then γdp(CmCn)=\gamma_d^p(C_m \boxtimes C_n)=\infty.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.02749,
  title  = {On $d$-distance $p$-packing domination number in strong products},
  author = {Csilla Bujtás and Vesna Iršič Chenoweth and Sandi Klavžar and Gang Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.02749},
  year   = {2025}
}