Observation of many-body Fock space dynamics in two dimensions
Abstract
Quantum many-body simulation provides a straightforward way to understand fundamental physics and connect with quantum information applications. However, suffering from exponentially growing Hilbert space size, characterization in terms of few-body probes in real space is often insufficient to tackle challenging problems such as quantum critical behavior and many-body localization (MBL) in higher dimensions. Here, we experimentally employ a new paradigm on a superconducting quantum processor, exploring such elusive questions from a Fock space view: mapping the many-body system onto an unconventional Anderson model on a complex Fock space network of many-body states. By observing the wave packet propagating in Fock space and the emergence of a statistical ergodic ensemble, we reveal a fresh picture for characterizing representative many-body dynamics: thermalization, localization, and scarring. In addition, we observe a quantum critical regime of anomalously enhanced wave packet width and deduce a critical point from the maximum wave packet fluctuations, which lend support for the two-dimensional MBL transition in finite-sized systems. Our work unveils a new perspective of exploring many-body physics in Fock space, demonstrating its practical applications on contentious MBL aspects such as criticality and dimensionality. Moreover, the entire protocol is universal and scalable, paving the way to finally solve a broader range of controversial many-body problems on future larger quantum devices.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2211.05803,
title = {Observation of many-body Fock space dynamics in two dimensions},
author = {Yunyan Yao and Liang Xiang and Zexian Guo and Zehang Bao and Yong-Feng Yang and Zixuan Song and Haohai Shi and Xuhao Zhu and Feitong Jin and Jiachen Chen and Shibo Xu and Zitian Zhu and Fanhao Shen and Ning Wang and Chuanyu Zhang and Yaozu Wu and Yiren Zou and Pengfei Zhang and Hekang Li and Zhen Wang and Chao Song and Chen Cheng and Rubem Mondaini and H. Wang and J. Q. You and Shi-Yao Zhu and Lei Ying and Qiujiang Guo},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.05803},
year = {2023}
}
Comments
8 pages, 4 figures + supplementary information