Non-stability of Liouville measures under convex combinations
Abstract
For every non-hyper-FC-central countable amenable group and every , we provide a sequence of symmetric, fully supported probability measures such that their convex combination is non-Liouville (that is it admits a non-constant bounded harmonic function, equivalently, the Poisson boundary is non-trivial) if and only if at least of them appear in the convex combination. Particularly, our result implies that the set of Liouville measures is not closed under convex combination, which answers a question of Kaimanovich. We also provide a similar result under the additional assumption of finite entropy for those non-hyper-FC-central countable groups with the property that every symmetric, finitely supported probability measure is Liouville. These groups are the only known non-trivial examples of countable groups that admit Liouville measures with finite entropy. Examples include the lamplighter group over and , and the infinite symmetric group of finite permutations on .
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.01318,
title = {Non-stability of Liouville measures under convex combinations},
author = {Behrang Forghani and Joshua Frisch},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.01318},
year = {2026}
}