English

Non-Singular Bouncing Model in Energy Momentum Squared Gravity

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2023-02-08 v1

Abstract

This work is concerned to study the bouncing nature of the universe for an isotropic configuration of fluid Tαβ\mathcal{T}_{\alpha\beta} and Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker metric scheme. This work is carried out under the novel f(G,TαβTαβ)f(\mathcal{G},\mathcal{T}_{\alpha \beta} \mathcal{T}^{\alpha \beta}) gravitation by assuming a specific model i.e, f(G,T2)=G+αG2+2λT2f(\mathcal{G},\mathcal{T}^2)=\mathcal{G}+\alpha \mathcal{G}^2+2\lambda \mathcal{T}^2 with α\alpha and λ\lambda are constants, serving as free parameters. {The terms G\mathcal{G} and T2\mathcal{T}^2 served as an Gauss-Bonnet invariant and square of the energy-momentum trace term as an inclusion in the gravitational action respectively, and is proportional to T2=TαβTαβ\mathcal{T}^2=\mathcal{T}_{\alpha \beta} \mathcal{T}^{\alpha \beta}.} A specific functional form of the Hubble parameter is taken to provide the evolution of cosmographic parameters. A well known equation of state parameter, ω(t)=klog(t+ϵ)t1\omega(t)=-\frac{k \log (t+\epsilon )}{t}-1 is used to represent the dynamical behavior of energy density, matter pressure and energy conditions. A detailed graphical analysis is also provided to review the bounce. Furthermore, all free parameters are set in a way, to make the supposed Hubble parameter act as the bouncing solution and ensure the viability of energy conditions. Conclusively, all necessary conditions for a bouncing model are checked.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2301.13610,
  title  = {Non-Singular Bouncing Model in Energy Momentum Squared Gravity},
  author = {Z. Yousaf and M. Z. Bhatti and H. Aman and P. K. Sahoo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.13610},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

Physica Scripta accepted version

R2 v1 2026-06-28T08:27:58.448Z