English

New definite integrals and a two-term dilogarithm identity

Classical Analysis and ODEs 2015-03-13 v3 Number Theory

Abstract

Among the several proofs known for n=11/n2=π2/6\sum_{n=1}^\infty{1/n^2} = {\pi^2/6}, the one by Beukers, Calabi, and Kolk involves the evaluation of 01011/(1x2y2)dxdy\,\int_0^1 {\int_0^1{1/(1-x^2 y^2) \, dx} \, dy}. It starts by showing that this double integral is equivalent to 34n=11/n2\frac34 \sum_{n=1}^\infty{1/n^2}, and then a non-trivial \emph{trigonometric} change of variables is applied which transforms that integral into T1  dudv\,{\int \int}_T \: 1 \; du \, dv, where TT is a triangular domain whose area is simply π2/8{\pi^2/8}. Here in this note, I introduce a hyperbolic version of this change of variables and, by applying it to the above integral, I find exact closed-form expressions for 0[sinh1(coshu)u]du\int_0^\infty{[\sinh^{-1}{(\cosh{u})}-u] d u}, α[ucosh1(sinhu)]du\,\int_{\alpha}^\infty{[u-\cosh^{-1}{(\sinh{u})}] d u}, and α/2ln(tanhu)du\,\int_{\,\alpha/2}^\infty{\ln{(\tanh{u})} \: d u}, where α=sinh1(1)\alpha = \sinh^{-1}(1). From the latter integral, I also derive a two-term dilogarithm identity.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1003.2170,
  title  = {New definite integrals and a two-term dilogarithm identity},
  author = {F. M. S. Lima},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1003.2170},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

10 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication: Indagat. Mathematicae (08/29/2011)

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